Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament

.oast in his sense, of corals), this hint of a possible derivation of rmn is certainly suq>risine. But as to Lam. iv. 7. this pSflftag be understood according to Cant. v. 10 (my friend: OHM!"!¥)• The whit I are intended to be conceived of as mixed and overlap;

one another, as our [Germ.] popular poetry speaks of cheeks which hilM with milk and pur and as in Homer, 77. iv. 141-140, the colour of the beautifully formed limbs of Menelaus is represented by the figure (which appears hideous to us): cj; o on r/f r \hJkQ§urr* yv*i P**s*>t ptiinr, (ebony stained with purple).

ed* the north of the moil va earthly I ans mentioned, whence cai. •tt I for iu ex cenled from clt if h raven* red gold-pigncB' r-Pott, an just quote igain bj p^m in the tense of the Armbico- he aenae of lamina auri).

no inf | an 1 the world at least

18) it is kn y an -say, ami fi ilm of tin* living or th< help

There is but ( >no wl. esses

• ii the sees ni the whole heaven, valent to nnij. on eh. wiv. 94), wIki ther lains. Ami Id He with EEl know] which n? Wisdom IS ( according to which

25 Whin lis ap; I to tie sight, And I the IC 'ter according tu a re,

And the course to the lightning of the thunder:

27 Then He send d it, T>ok it as a pattern fUd it a

28 And -<aid t<> man: B, the fear of the Lord is wisdom, And to depart from evil is understanding.

It is impracticable to attach the inf. rfWj to ver. 2-4 as the the syntax, to rvfor it to \ 7 as

;•:;!: advance, or to tal sense of ln.th otS it ought to hare bean stead ~, or at least wrh place. 1:

even I.-oral use of h the torn (<l m because H e past that is spoken of, the rocxl.il in/, can be tinned in the; lee. § hough t that equable and aalut e part y examples:

icnt ai u beginning; appointed the w

11 oated and regulated what was created

•us, which a iv ti 1 tliii the

) gels and soul *< were seen from that which was in the dii ine il maoter-bail let N:li'-Iess

I mirr 1, in the civat II-

I. '-""n* -nly here in the book of J the which he 'ii with the i rah" is pi ith u depart nd Pror. xrL 6, according to which it is rei iring God. uTh of God is the ining of v.

motto and uppermost prii. of that Israelitish Chokl whoso teat achievement is the book of Job. The whole

Lint peal; and tore ( e clasp m unitet tbe i nuing. strar bo expected \ ie po* ir has a tried his utnu*'

:.ich is against his <. he raises bis must >t:u. i»-tctl as an evil-doer who treats him as i in which tin* evil-doer panes awa. Job Im even ' -«•<! himself deapondii ted of nfl of his life in < old tl 1 him as thai It iiini. 1 [e ilao does not d that in hit; the assertion of the I ri because of the s with which it wai tin in. His comiter-assi of the evil-d which ing was not meant by him BO exdu-

Q-doer, is here indirectly freed from the appearance of by Job himself, and i the ation. Job does not. he fa brings it under the notice of the fj, that the sword, famine, and ce carry off the mts of the evildoer, an D himself; that his possessions at length fall into the ban the rig 1 contain within themsel the germ of destruction from the very first; that God's corse pnrsii' I suddenly destroys, the godless rich man himself.

Thus it comes to pass; for while silver and other precious tilings come from the depths of the earth, wisdom, whose to I wisdom to which man ii tad

13 the confirms* owever, at the ll comes to a closr f wisdom (similar the pamntitioo:1c, and u iu xl, and ten te tame, and not lay themselves f injustice and uncharitablanaas town agaii oral government, shows at the same tin I the afll I of thoae who fear God be what impressi ie last words of.

will not have admitted t:iey is an actual proof ot oes become so insignificaj id than a scv be in general then m tishedf N indeed) but solemnly, without vaunting himi users, he attirn humbly submits himieU divim* \n

. which must ite the • Ls as they exhi him as the not merely mighty, but also \ dm first time wean the wn of tr himeelfj be Btrvgg

By // Ughi J v mi in the darkness;

■\ As Ix the days of my v

When thi uteri >cas or rdj

When the Almighty was still with i My children round about me;

6 When my steps were bathed in cream,

And the rock t poured forth streams of oil.

Binoe the optative |j? (comp. on ch. xxiii. 3) is connected irith the ace. of the object desired, ch. xiv. 4, xxxi. 31, or of that m ich nnythi-: in pan, an I indeed (boat that Ear ba

E w. synti, be Uken as ai the $uf. of Ana

■ 1fl with an aspirated D) may not 1> in tin- nth, li ild hai I,IX "ri but. be meant hn manb mid thia he calls

1 The tztH:, in hotter -to (e.g. in the valley of the Jordan and E s) begins with the arrival of the autumnal rai but I spring (comp. Cant. ii. 11-13) only begins about the vernal equinox, and still later on the mountains. On the contrary, the late summer, pa, which passes over into the autumn, C]ih, is the season for gathering the fruit. The produce of the fields, garden fruit, and grapes re the commencement of the proper autumn; some (when land can be irrigated) summer fruits, e.g. Dhura (maize) and melons, in like manner olives and dates, ripen in autumn. Therefore the translation, in the days of my autumn (aof my harvest''), is the only bound* I domain, and cam the was every where received wi udett re- spe< 1 facta of the case, it il inaltnmi g rash from lightness, the feebleneni of old aga, (according to w etsu, very common wordi in tfyris); iph or ipn, tnere- leanest of youtl Jf*» he raah desire of doing thought of as being without a did not dw< with i. ilv in u: bat in houses;

same thing a lknluin, otherwise hi | have

I nt, ii large Ian r and basbandm Thus tin and large boo n Asia are faulted • •ntrances, recesses on either si • pei iess and negot -.l 1 open s:

V r. s. When J lither to the meeting of the tribunal, or the council of the elders of the city, within which he had a seat and a voice, the youn:i hid them- selves, conscious of his presence (which eJpofitvrj \ttjei, or, is ressed paratactically instead of as a 1), i.e. they retired into the background, since they feared his look of salutation;2 and old men (hoary heads) stood up, remained

. was teat rti) of the i I ieao C

. an 1 k«i! on their mouth (com p. irk and desist iptmkii

■ oe illustrious men 'lemfelves, i e verb is const 1 the second mem reverse in- 1 L iL 11; ft] 1 sometime en where thin second member is not logically the more important licxer perceived him and hid himself from him (*CpC Then sa *tanan: This Babylonian insulted by ant that he did not salute him, and then that he hi II answered him, it is the custom with them he less not to salute the greater, — a custom which confirms Jobs words: Young men saw me and bid themselre*.'' leterminetl ] ►he which f bow it i to pais I e in authority among the -ns submitted t<> him, a

1 was so it t I him lly if WW it with hi 1 to bear vain in the ■gnification of laudatory n n. I

. of th- my one the sob jed however, not merely the outward man' his unusual prosperity which called forth such admiration, but his act. benevolence united with the abundant resources at his command. For where there was a sufferer who cried for help, he relieved him, especially orphans and those wdio had no fas: rd made of camel's hi i self in the annoar of the ug; mod the nsagv of the langoaft f iA w '«. rotrctcd Kim again* * other (rrf imad

. one who i minim tiimoulf bananas be is obliged, one to in what be waou it den;

immense total of grain in the n is known, a favourite problem of antiqui: nd in the

. \i\. 136—138: guot haberei corpora ftftftj tut mihi natales contingere vana rogavi. We would v, -.i!. ai the cxpirati n of which time fir.- ipnngi up in ita nev up to about the tixo of an vgg

as Scholtena does; 1 those test in it is mora pro: the tran D was uxnrep <f>olvi!;

V Eon. xv. 896, the phoenix makes its nest in the palm, and according to Pliny, h. n. xiii..4'J, it has its name from the palm: I X putatur ex hujus palmx argumento nomen aceepis$ei itervm mori ac renasci ex se ipsa; vid. A. ILihinann, Die Dattelpalme, ihr- A und il- <ng in der alten WeU, in the periodical lUmplandia,

1859, Mr. 15, 16. Masius, in his studies of nature, has very beautifully described on what ground M the intelligent Greek gave a like name to the fabulous immortal bird that rises again out of its own ashes, and the palm which ever renews its youth." Also comp. (Heimsdbrfer's) Christliche Kunstsymbolik, S. 26, and Augusti, Beitrdge zur christl. Kunst-Gtschichte und Liturgik, Bd. i. S. 106-108, but especially Piper, Mythologie der christl. Kunst (1847), i. 44 6f.

mav die in the midst of his family. Expressing this lal wish, OfTQS) h = in my 1.in ti of my family, toe to the phoonix, which, according to the form of the myth in IL-rodotus, Pliny, I, and others, brings the remain its father in a hearkened to 1 the force of p V and wait without intern \ for what he should ■. Che the former the reading of ];.-n-Ascher (vUL Norzi)« If he e counsel, thej waited in strictest silence: this is the meaning of *'-"' | nit. Kal of DOT); \d>i poetic for?, ref the silence to its outward cam '. on I lab. iii. lGj. After his words non iterabant, i.e. as Jerome explanatorily translates:

.rase which occurred before again I I ' we which i* not to bi taken as 1 ih.: who had not it as it of their hopeless ami miseral. as as tkm of his eye j d to breathe free); peaceful of a kin£ brin not: as one comforts, but: as he who comforts; LXX. corov rpoTTov iradeivov? irapaKaXoyv. The accentuation sr Tarcha, DTOM Mtmacky DW Silluk) is erroneous; T01Q should be marked with Rebia mugrasch, and C^IX with Mercha-Zinnorith.

From the prosperous and happy past, absolutely passed, Job now turns to the present, which contrasts so harshly wTith it.

he root of' the broom it their bread.

the concluxio! ihretl • Jok intentionally so di^proportiona!

are jast the 5: fy* ise sorrowful 1 kons an.

ess ones, who take I tage of tl ities of the poor for their own sell ids, iore unjt. the r treatment which fa exj as from them, y who meanly haled him

>ser definiti ad of which the sii s no such i i poet, while Jol laj t: once fit • e as is that of tfa rvni; nut: now entire! is Halm Jran, uf it use should it be to him? (")t cur, bat ad q good-fur-nuthing fellows: "~- is lost to tl My emphatic: it is plaos 1 in a prominent position, I suits ch. v. 26, is here inapplicable not the a; that are spoken of, but the young; for that u old age is lost to them91 would be a forced exp: i for the thought — which, moreover, does not accord with the connection — that they die off early. One does not here expect the idea of senectus or -geta, but vigor, as the Syriac (ushino) and Arabic also translate it. May not npa perhaps be related to (jb, as mbd to PK0, the latter bein£ a mixed form from par and w, the former from nb and n?, fresh juicy vigour, or as we say: pith and marrow (Soft and Kraft)? At all events, if this is somewhat the idea of the word, it may be derived from

I..'Vn«. tecles of the face owing th or rtm amrdoaie laughing, and draw- ako more eeosaooal; moon, • aa tboogh motioalcas la ooe of dwayt without the.a hard rear, i.e. a year of

4, and of acarcity and want: i m possible to apply >ut the baxardooa comparieoo [to atioo might perhapa be that of b m and bunions of the mta i -. as abo a ita Reason " ia at the highe at (&h. of their hands profit me? aa

""nj- ' primary notion of wi afnaed din I l xvii. IS m«), which doei to the i tion and destruction is of the ini te notion of rains that conn ther with • of it is c i the ear to c ing impr and conditions of all kinds; th called;

The noun "'-X signifies elsewhere adverbially, in the night, to grow night-like, and in general yesterday, according waste and dcs bla that *aV at original eonrces of information, j»mj ■ whole afternoon until gurnet, and oe it to called, becaa»< ami genera" daj be for at opposite of Ai v

—. It U ahaolutel j impoaaiUt also translates simil ikes C*CK as a S|

•Firms DOthing in I \ the scanty n furnishes them n^ (also Talma sea-purslnin, the buds ai avesof which arega hut gmwsalao in tho des< manifest from tl i — O in their time when th»«y were engaged with • (ace Etaschi \ the sec rtoaf it is always used liko our M vest, ral sense, for a coinpa: ar past as near, as %xi is u.- near

Gesenii:. 3 as a proof for it from I unri, Ki

Mail on of those verses abounds in mistakes); — toti.

jMteeij IV. Ion ~~c is rhetorical of Hke signification with tt *e, An

.b would not be able to understand that -^_ — nWP PDK wise eve of destruction and ruin," i.e. at t: king in struct I ruin which is j or has actually folio i ted pi about aid high, a the tan:

e exception of cow an is often the on •cmsant* and notnads,-

;i acantj regetation ii still preeerftd*1 broom-root an - od be met lut also I rrops /.i. a degenerate k

1 I Asola), which he hat annotated throughout in the margin, one of the choicest treasures of the / vaa natum. a side of the preceding ■ hall

>ese marginal notes i now and agai

Thus Wetsettin in his lUist in c ickmen mnd um dm nt. ription of these eaten of the steppe r. •'.

•wpeciallv if tl.it hm the Agricultural peasant, and aoroe allowance is made faff the figure of es in of ai • • peaaant is large and strong, with a mag:

beard and an expressive c« race. It is ccrta. bodily pel tioa is a plant thffoei in a com!

the villagers. Therefore the roots servo as food ibh titi (rhb ~z~ takes the place of t hi.-, the chief meal To the genua r

»Sp); of ai B mtsha (V&C t. I often road name of which z*-y s are a a half En length, i handbreadth in strong and w< boil them in nd serv m np with a littl r. Wl bes of the people of I the small brown seed (resembling n. - The seeds are boiled to a pulp. — "Wet?

have the reading iuAiurro, which I race of men: in holes (nr! %~*"-i cartli with respect t nia)

with I f which the smaller thii ith the wild ata., goes about in

. heir bitter want, whi them t Ithoagh i leless be an in. ir sej-mo

according to.';s, were frugum pauptrcs, and ac<

y were not these themselves), as the troglodytes are fr

witbont neecMaries of life. Their 1 are

:il nvIiltc no cultivation of the land w;ls possil

lere. ecausc -out from one

pasture to an ke the noma* Is who dweQ in tents, often loaei

ure of pasture, hea\ of snow (which often |

from marauding attacks from the; 1 less i ing,

which is at enmity with all the world, likely to I:ous,

escape the revenge of those whom it has injured."' — Wltzst.

tmofiiti!i sympathizin iety

J&}, first to injur.. but to oth inflicting injury, an<l ID

CJy, to being injured in mind. The root shov. I in it. -en-

soon lopment in the reduplicated form l£ju&, to strike one -with

ttc"l blows, fig. for: to press any one hard with claims. According

to another phase, the obscene \lJ\jJuL i, and the decent -^-C, signify

I hrr an at in the idea of the n

. ahowi iu seniuous primary * red from the vii r. ' (toatartt). The f.; pears only in the adrerb I din low one another, that t be.

tween two acts." Hence ah — r pjsnn, duals of an.,7^ na bead of WW# from an assumed ting. tJtin-un (itfm-un), ihint-un humbled me. Even in this hi

: order to make the words xch Htl onlj nng of ani bat a] nd.

ble rii ft ht hand, which is

.linually further and forth idth after another with him: *~ ~. my feet throst them forth, from one pi another, a \ prepared for the descrip- i of their hostile conduct, which begins in ver. V2c un den of a llatmu h w beapr re is Dot i iW, becau inn, the cattle, and come* most) y from um nak, eince snail cattie an:

rm It U brought in a dry aiate in baakcta to the place looae daye on. 1 if favourable, i.e. does not caat doea not need m. I would make the aeed in rainy yean t riant at the ». and *U If compact mass, and gradually change the av a firm moun are la wheat can be completely preaenred againat beat a:..rncied u: irs. The mczUU ecrrea the-

Hie the ICt And Hh a cloud my i past* -

Thus is IDA] (cojjn. form ':.":■ to b- ruin. T\ joodj to furnish ai tliii IviL l united with j of the district as a w «>n close oppressive evenings as a place of assembly, be a curr lay atx ^r; there ne lies, the ihvrllings of n. passer hi ling him- a ashes wl. the dogs of the vi ^aps gnaw use thai is aently thr Many a villag- iran has lost:inal name, and is called umm el-mezabil from the gi these mouii - indicate a primitiv uhiva- tion for th I. And many a more modern vi. built upon an ancient I lse there is then a stronger current of air, which renders the position more healthy. The Arabic signification of the root 72* -eetns to be similarly related to the Hebrew as that of the old Beduin:•:,,'a^i-ei,■, to the Hebrew and Arabic pPD, "a dwelling." —

Il ii) upon liim r ruj^ttt, tin* wall which is broken through

I is: He hath tun inst rn 'I in the i away my dignity like <-h.

in which emi • the mbj. would lili-

- bai the manner of an in lectin.1 in t

Halm's ( calamity doei not first, it' it is tin driv,v nffosp that which is driven away. phisti* ind inadequate) since the obj of the driving away.' lily, hut.)

et of others (Targ. r*:-~ The storms of Suffering which pass over him take this nubility away to the last fr it, and his salvation — or rather, since this word in the month of an extra-Israelitish hero lias not the meaning it usually otherwil reus condition (from * — y

1 in soul tlows away as it on tl the b in such a manner tli the Arab, j..-. which Bleu with the predicate and the parallelism, whether it be gnawil g pains that are thought of — pains are unnatural to man, they come upon him B| ill, he Bepai hem from himself as wild

— or, which we prefer, those worms (r:p., ch. vii which were formed in Job's ulcers (comp. Aruch, KjJTS?, a leech,. Kl V. worms, e.a. in the liver), and which in the extrabiblical tradition of Job's decease are such a standing feature, that the pilgrims to Job's monastery even now-a-days take i?i ry of JcTiUBuetn and Heofon

> one von*. 10 near i a beautiful ballad "on the baakei la them by a anre way: ie frw:

less than he ot *:"n\ n(,t t which f ply filled on body, bat appearance wh( man himself in it: then it girds hi; to him like his shut-collar, lying round at the shrivell< "he otl out a thin neck.

On tli- i is combine 1 * ith hyj trophieal formations in i. ch. vii. 15, and be 20. The subject of - r. 19 whom

I me into, or daubed1 me with, mud, and I am become as (3 instead of therfal., Ew. § 221, a) dust and ashes. This is also intent 1 I - ling wavers between •yih.1 *:~'n, fur the latter form of becomes first an fa ummm a Ua g is sometimes found eren out of pause by oonjuucUTe »ct him t«> fed Ibe strength of II I band in,;h u]:i animal for riding I'mbr., Olsh.). According tO ( Sol 'limn win. 1 in ■' who bun idly by, racab al-<jemi\ -r/h, he rid D] n the wini the wind; in tl. issage, tl. int of oomp the bcini: absolutely | hnrxi m tli vment of a healthy and 1. life to I dizzy In ight, whence a sodden overthrow threatens him who is unwillingly removed (comp.

Ps. cii. 11. Thou hast lifted me up and hurled me forth). The lot which threatens him from this painful suspense

Job expresses (ver. 22b) in the puzzli rds: ""-"" "~-ru.

Tims the Ktriy after which LXX. transL (if it lias not read *%'*-" ->, kcli a-rrtpjjL^ds fie cltto GcoTT]pia<;. The modern expositors who follow the Keri, by taking UlttHI for ^ j:om (according to Ges. § 121, 4j, translate: Thou causest counsel and understanding (Welte), happiness (Blumenf.), and the might be alwn m elsewben; the les away upon the ll kles down 1 rops of rain a tli.: isses Iiit* » nothing or Dearly nothing! as J bare only the si^nifi turn of destiny ai lition that i il>lo. In post-l)il'li'-:il 1 1 ittj it in that all who lire in thi i M.

Most of the ancient versions indulge themselves in strange fancies respecting vcr. 24 to make a translatable text, or find their fancies in the text before them. The translation of the

1 Vid. my A kdota dtr mittelalterlichen Scholastik untcr Judtn und Modtmt*j S. M7« iimonly m the hand on anything, stretch out the hand to anything," it tnral to take *pa in de-

1 The verb U U eztei ria, and that in two:

. B ran and the steppe I have only f fitf. a. Thus e.^r. the

thee with II. or and thy boo] wa-l-nefsu ma tebgh&\ it

mu: tanUlu mu i connection with which it is to

,,,1 „:iy gain an impressive tiling in orthrow (/Wmr >" on familiar with tl c he sees an end pat

Thi involunl n airo il>le result of man's in i. is not for help I account of i* If impossible. Halm and L h-B ischl ri DM in the

>e of an. I: into lucei another turn of the question: Do< r, not li out hand to hasten the fall, or in his downfall i cry for h r a wail, on

ufor favour if nl mention, but it is not ii in biblical Chaldee, beside the Chaldee signif. sed, 7iisi, retains this Hebrew signif. (Dan. ii. 6, 9, iv. 21). TB, which signifies dying and destruction (Talmud, in the peculiar signif.: that which is hewn or pecked open), synon. of Tltj has been already discussed on ch. xii. 5.

ress of the thoaghts scorns to be i(ya, and that iis a cedent, exa

/ irtinitrrtd about in moun the sun;

of the dii ■, but i of the 1 mguage, accoi rstand it of the dirt as fmm sor | W i of the skin which J ild hai blackness of the skin that it but not < blackness of mourning attu Hahn). —

Ovpov furore), which t to be u::

of the ition of the gal. it on the skin, and therefore of jaundice, which turn- it illy in tropical

: 1 by ftqpoS in Zwingli's Aldine) but gives no sense.

stocwh in tin- at* • general help against his unmerited sufil is abv

• an assc: of the coun* is t r, who interprets: ] was as quasi of is no trace in the

: further, be takof pu.: re all the world cun iv m«»st intense ] rhich he cannot hold lack, in all who hear it, and ■ comma ol deep malanrhnl T •• poii not the nsilulity of the heaivrs | S io), but the fellowship of ling and howling together with the acoompanyin i of nrt in which it is heard, wl with the ment by leprosy in particular: my skin (*""*'. u it is also used in ch. xix. 26, onlj trently as / I become from me, an 1 my bones (*P*V, construed as ch.

r. ■: MWhen the ostriches are running and fighting, I sometimes make a wild, hideous. g noise with their thr and beaks open; at another time, if * et with a slight ion, ve a glucking or cackling voice like our domestic fowls: they seem to rejoice and laugh at the terror of their adversary. During the loneliness of the night however. M if then voice had a totally different tone, up a dolorous, hideous moan, which at one time resembles the roar of the lion, and at another is more 1; hoarser voice of other quadrupeds, especially the bull and cow. I have often heard them groan as if they were in the greatest agonies." In General Doumas' book on the Horse of the Sahara, I have read that the male ostrich (dclim), when it is killed, especially if its young ones ar. sends forth a dolorous note, while the female (roads), on the other hand, does not utter a sound; and so, when the ostrich digs out its nest, one hears a languishing and dolorous tone all day long, and when it has laid its egg^ its usual cry is again heard, only about three o'clock in the afternoon.

•«1 an last sorrowful What a d*

A s described and bewailed ist ent become* impossible, and the >w of his pro- * abyss of suf;

becomes to 1 for the tamo rea* ful il called Ibi jn of Abraham;, or din t in i i

M at least influenced by tho pen blami

As little as in the preeeir tinted with

.1 part of tl. of tho D to which il

! Jl With the an ancient in becaus* v. r n kills r3 only as a sign in war among the wan<l i, and that the guest [arts f: - host with the words: i wh7, Id maqtu' tcala m t thou always have Abraham's table, and plenty of provisions and guesta. — Wetz5T.

mnpat •' ■ one) ncn L in 1 mftrmin< 1 himself not onlj Eram 1 herons act also from adulterous di- himsnlf to anothsjt under prcscr ions, or the covo- itive. In this latter case, t nise gi Isa. I. or even, as bare, of a law

SDrTl is eyes, that they may not feast is, in [sa..1 clea fined lin ssjsssjisaifissMii sj sjiHDii I ' /uicomam oommmtti part***; the tni ~ the expression of negati against prof J lascivious gaze by 1.

red in:i in tin* form of a question: in c scio:lif just punish mi the cu i Ids in i. of the omniscience of the bea?

minion over sin, in if innings and

. The KVi, which miiieiioe to the subject, means

Him who punishes the on. Bj Him wfc his

Bw. § 188j a, on account of the pause, but the similar form of writing, ch. xxxix. l\ xviii. 15) all his ste]. Job has been kept back from sin, and to Him Job can appeal a witness.

5 If I had intercourse with fdUehfo

A i fool hastened after deceit:

G Let Him weigh me in the balances of justice,

And let Eloah know my innocence.

p» turned atiJe from the v and another e. thooU be rooted out.

with the mi iV<1 fl ':,lg

•f actions (works manual of ethka b, Gbiiiii is «titled mbd» ei-amal in the went after my ey it" it I redthedra* spring of the holy or pos* iL 14;

. m in baiah, with whom In* has thu word in

In so far as 1. die down upon which is to fall into th nt hoi hnen /" fa And if 1 r:

Ashel t defiling virgin innocence and i 1 of the volume of the Berliner Akadunie d. R cite be b«J * inolh. n.y ibe become i - •, which alto is seen to a serve him as it were as a netlnr mill- liooe.

r fno, used else v Q Tall told

I by it M thus nn lerstcK> the poet, si

Sens., in ronn With which; illv with reaped to \t: is also equivalent to It i> hard to « less ti: reasons

*t ami um) of the acquieao K in case he ha 1 committed it, ought to be pui f anot tak: Q of liis own wife, for that N*~ in< itral VM

IPH in with tli-. of the following | nine back I ~'-\ A KV1 in accordance' with the masc. of the following predicate) is a crime for the judges. On this wa g between NOT I fP%\. Gesenius. HandwOrter- for the shameless subtle encroachments of sensual desires. S Ischiitz, M Itches A /'S S. 791 f.), and Dyyfi PV (not ftftj according to the usual view equivalent to crimen et i mtically Ser tpreei the n& y the figure of bttrnir tirt [rid. ampr

; rtatrnt day at a natural - hat in curat and alioc ith In i in fact so that tl their part began th. as tl. I Mmml correctly an examination (thus Hahn i >r the shows that IpD is 1 |TU Ps. xviL 3, and I Pa.

most usual example for H he has phorical Z>Yf/i - ilar; it is used where t':. n not i natural signif \da bidhikrihi, he

V manner of I the same divine other bai ha* been observed (alao and almost all it as plural 1 Also in the Jerusalem Talmui, where R. Johanan, eating noil not also share with ' »ewo Job.

mse or allow t J *n ei to say it k bj ii.m in tho following strophe, and tfa to nothing against it. Tho i f the is an in l ed A n hoi outh, so far hack ai be waa wont

. isible through the Aral-. t, to pish), or also he who is already p Ijjx nd pei

The dau 196, forms the socond obj. toHann Die, which otherwis. but here, in accordaj

■JVp I V¥pTli to reap, ch. xxiv. 6, are all similar. In Arab, the Kal nahaituhu signifies I put him aside by going on one side (nahw or nahije), the Iliph. anhaituhu, I put him aside by bringing him to the side (comp. DTIT, ch. xii. 8 rer ar is ( ml here I hi outward fl* ist be isora, show '03*0 and n:^p havi

N I oolj t rom li was lie thlypoe* He has not made gold bis/Dl ace q "-"rr, ch. ii • lias not said to DTll, Bne Lri>M turn as ch. viii. 11. xviii. lh: obj< I round) of inv trottl He has not r« that hifl wraith is greet | -~, adj.), and that his hand has attaint* 1 "'—, something

litre] rnasc. Ew. § 17-, /<). His joy was the feai of God, which ennobles man, not earthly things, which are not worthy to be accounted as man's highest goo 1. lie indeed avoided irXeove^ia as elXcoXoXarpeia (Col. iii. 5), how much more the heetheniflh deification of the stars! li|l is here, as ch. xxxvii. 21 and (pdo$ in Homer, the sun as the t light of the earth. fTV [3 the moon as a wanderer (from m = IDIt), i.e. night-wanderer (noctiuaga), as the Arab, tdrit in a like sense is the name of the morning-star. The two words scribe with not solemn ma it the kissed hand and at the same time t fast* (ss compensation I •' K adorandum imk "'» nferimm et ioium corpus roaster d of the seventh urv mkIi as arc to be worshipped as gods. <)m the pai purest form of heathenism.

moon), as dhrioe, we know from the a firm ai ipplement tl the general resti mim] ble, of the sun, sha mt of tin: ancient basis, in the worship of the stars, was also B] ami mr, usually coml i*:: ~ si; •. iv. 1 religion, who had * ice of the worship of the, which wafl in his tim - its

It is en;:o be regard i con- clusion, with Umbri and otln with E t which th no objection according to the syc*

| 1 haw *i the I to God abovt an fcrred to a huma unal, tlporrrov mm | trmnagreaaioQa of the 1 been byp« he had disowned in aecret the edged openly and outwar,hes t a conclusion is war trail for all the preceding il antecedents. There are therefor* tbeae lies no conclusions that correspond to the other clauses.

ease* in »ote be feels himself I kia y palaU to r I upon his I

1 aposiopesis is inifeet, was full! towards him and \n.i-> not excite I n ith i deacription of emotion, wiirthef it be pleasure, of ts ch. wi ^pleasure, as a terelypa rid re. but then have sai 1: W

592 sq.)| which is not suit. is in general this dra of ver. 31 to vl:. is in;>ect, and

1 Geseniu rei the noun T2 from the Tft but the Arabic, whi ■ not only the verb fada as mt<l. u and as ruin the signification to die, but ako in connection with | the the peopU of my tent were not obliged to $ai <ere would there be on* who has not been satisfied u his/Usht!— ■ I opened my dn>r towards the $trt

I Arm dweller* in iere pre-cn.

out the. \preasion in itself « ye ly^y so often fpok- alrra:

the long accented at non tahtratvm), and W i«.mt perm (as even the i bad taste of the ho ir tr:» ie acccntuatior howev ips proceeds from an interpretation like that en abov. »n<tant and ready hospiu care and proit is unnecessary to tak ke aboO> e be open into t es on thee e of hospitality. "To

• establish one's o usehold in Aral! jries of judgments h the

M lU CHK2 after |1m maoni bal iate as this n. in Vs.

7. in ac h the antithesis o iralleli

• as tamo here, ai igetb rea- t a brook I ns both summer and winter f fi^Kl*— la I is recognised as ti breaks forth bel«>w in tlu- v.

u-i.m Bej urusua the cr., full of astonishment, turned " What bare village aflfl tl Lace in the middle whi fated hisa. When he am jw-dun_r. whi I drove him out of tho vill ipon the i nt to the villajz- mra

(still standing, south kted his misfortm was taken in by them. I 'he inhabitants of Ni I a lake where the neighbouring village had stood.

ondafe. him no secret accumd tiling, and i i need f(W playing ihfl bypOOl «?cause hi here with tl the ol>j. f< the great multitude of the peoj utadj.; ritfa

; and becaoae he hived Ihfl rtigma fche famil.

the loss of fa in the hi I of society, s as a consequence he si kepi him quit t and retir h>or. ( >ne might think of that abhorrence of voluptuousnee^ with whieh/in himself np 10 darkness; hut accoi in ( tl deeds that are intend. -d, which Job would fa

I for • ocause if tl. 1 beoene iwu li.1 have appeared a person to be scout-

He dl thing whi.1 have ones for carefully the light of pablicil \n 1 yet his affli to bo accounted ai of hi in!

as proof that lie has committed pn i. which, h will not con

And the writing which * hath xcritt-

3G Truly I will carry it upon my sliuuli •ill wind it about me as a crown.

Ai Q, will I draw near to Him.

Ti ih that he might find a ready willing hearer is put forth in a general way, but, as is clear in itself, and as it becomes manifest from what follows, refers to Him who, because it treats of a contradiction between the outward a of legal writings. I an obser: or moro

,:;;it the Almighty may •' 1 1 ilm in! just as iini'-li to the hut understanding bj "HI the wil which.Job can-irs in

"IM I be tiwtiimmj to bii inn e wriK t iinii t of his i will <>n!

speak tin1 i. 1 Ic will wear it U]

. and Ifind it I him as a magniti^-nt crown an all hi, and in the i 1 conscion m iged to b I bis biding-plaoo, ai mblingly, omniscien! I tod! Job is not ooa is of c Uy and slyly hidden; no cherished in the inmost iv « * Ii- art and hoi

4 1 nd caused the soul of its possessor to expire: 40 stead of wJu

The field which be tills has no reason to cry out on account of violent treatment, nor its furrows to weep over wrong done to them by their lord.1 n9^, according to its radical signifi-

1 In a similar figure a Rabbinic proverb says (with reference to Mai.

, is the cov. close npOQ the l>ody earth as itfl skin, ai.::\i\\n tl.it QfffT it, anJ thcr©- tho aral I, ml howto ai >. n> as also other woi borrow* rth f all naic i lghroan tears m p thrown op between wwm funuwj (ri</. on P

II baa not unlawfully u* reason of the. the ust.

the produce of the Bald is desired, hen* hang* nature of the lai <e shall and must come ta pn laaessor has been guilt] of il eovetousneaa, * rga in horn after vcr ^ lhlmann after wt plan - • ' to allow the speeches »b to be roi. off, as would be y without a rical conclusion. If eeches of Klihu as remored, Go rupta e altar of God weeps over him who separates himself from the v I hit youth.

lethat in the mio h, u Wl put a:: forming an original \ the imj n that vers. 3 follow as and that uld form a more appropriate close, and a more appropriate connection for the remonstrance that folio ther it be Jehovah's or Elihu's, remains. For the assertion in vers. 38-40 cannot in itself be considered to be a justifiable

:" Inn:. on account of >v r as it is of a tenta: iaracter, ca iiid is also become a refi him.

yarded as a final i I a freah course of t siopesea, this con s awa it the *hole o precaii 1 lake a review of the contents of ee the prospet good i en, and the reap -• at that ng all the good things of the past i the pre~emin d as t ~;hest good, the spring and

:itam,es at the beginning of a time * was with hi:, Ix>ok still further from beginning of I anolog ieej to the likewise I ytf D^SM -:s:. 'I heart t J, rod toward which

The: ii'hteotiBness of life with which.'

/ II knew and I to be in folio* irith God; and from the f olneas of this ed d. how< i blessed who knows himself to be i poor and itli the lovo with \n ':

'1": re dot— J( himself hack in that pi now God has withdrawn from him; and i the:•, and the u which w i him

I rast of the pari pF v,nt in ch.. which begins with nnjn. M d who have I th whom he sympathized, hot without help them ai — thai him bj th N- w

.,;. n [ of God is tip- great it I which a man can be account | hut, apart the con ition that t: a could not yet attain its rightful of the Old T:it, it was not further from any one than m him who in the mid.-t of his sufferings for (> ake

Is hin. »es now, as rej d. That linfol and loathsome disease are to him a decree of divine wrath; God has, accordi his idea, change a tyrant; Be will not hear his cry for help. Accordin_

Job can Bay that his welfare as a cloud is passed away. lie is conscious of having had pity on those who needed help, and darkness of hit at' been in ' ijle after an iimaalf ■ ad been the o| gain a that state of hii h« —art, n rsea agaii. enemies, but he has also not

• m. As to his servant*, even f them, he hathat master and serva: are creatures of on bana,

MN t!::i*..r; towards widows, ai if be were their son.

.h the hungry he hai shar. ked ger; and, as the two m; he pear as a sinn I has not drawn forth

•i'l which he cult inju W rieas of 1: il aim iich is a love which U:i as man within. and kn h a genuine righteooaneae of 1:* ing hi f, in opp - to men's miaoonst] of his i and present be time mysterio itanding upon the extra nmdarj where the knot

Job in tl. itiona which the friends ] linst liim d. With the highest confidence in a triumphant issue, D before the trial of his cause. Job longs, in the conclud-

• word 87, for the judicial decision of God. As will r — as uen, so over God I

. u Tli' tA I ta id the son of.1:ir<"

historical introdu the EHhu section, sinus

.il pai. aa they cast li_fht apon thi in ti the drama, what we k I be prolo lal.!< the wrath i tive p nor the punishm J ■:. If the four

We t, moi mark of t: high

.ius which we have liitli 1 with amazement Bat since we are now passing on to tl. ofth< it must be with the assumption that they have a like origin with the whole, and that they ah long to this whole with which they are place where they now stand. We shall only be able to form a conclusive judgment concerning the char, of their form, the solution of their problem, and the manner of their composition, after the exposition is completed, by then taking a comprehensive and critical review of the impressions produced, and our observations.

. ho tli.it ill that ivpOCl DM f

;h it I ui grammai 1 1 1 into the making him a Basil. i make him

■ anarkable that Elihu'fl ori Iv, while tin;

throe are described onlj I to their Country, without any at of fat unity. It would indeed be |

Bible, as Lightfoot and ESoeenm. rap] ee, i: the poet to conceal his own name in that of Elihu, or to make allusion to it; but an instance of thil r custom of Oriental poets

M found nowh M in Old Testament literature.

The three friends are silenced, because all their attempts to move Job to a penitent confession that his affliction is the punishment of his sins, have rebounded against this fact, that he was righteous in his own eyes, i.e. that he imagined him- general does not consider himself a sinner, i the three idemm God fa order that he i • able to ma was sjot the real main constc. dcs« the a he is followed da the

1 if ha 1 w. in the sense

To show you my knowledge*

And the multitude of years teach wisdom.

-ian..n takes iu name from t cUme at the foo* mountain:>d consrq e, always ke* his bo'. ever leares bis d« as zmhal iu general signifies a man wbo retires of

B connection witb I *lso tbe planet q is called Zuha/, tbe retreating one, on accou.

pamlli-H-m (thus i that w hich IS in in in, U I

I man's life, his thi as well as bodily lit" this i: which UN within 1..ill tn ith- ale in qi in its n with the divine. Elihu tble 1 for that of which Ik* '*'.!!.-Aran earth, bat m creeping i- te of the

«rA 1. those that I,nh): bat in Talmud.

—;^ed of animals lia.> th« and of water, to _ f down). The primary notion, to glide

(to slip, ci fa&Qi ■ combine 1 both in the derivatives of root m an'l in those of the root ^ with the notion of a departing and red motion. — Wbtzst. and 11.

then also ai him with rach as those i

:n theirs in order • him, have remored bom them,,. removed from diem; but figure: v. are moved away (a> it were according to an encampment broken up) from them, i.*\ as we say: they have left them, is quite in accordance with the figurative style of this section. It is unnecessary to take wrtfl^ ver. 16a, with E\v. (§ 342,4) and Ilirz. as per/, consec. and interrogative: and should I wait, because they speak no rtainly the interrog. part, sometimes disappears i ■ fulness of this int ik thr it.

belly, hut from tl ly with it which lively to each ringle I >ottK*s (Hirz. and othei in adverbial ra nate clause (Halm: when it will e.\}. hut }• to '—: his in' bursting