Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament

timdr p*??), dtjm (from Dpy, which in comparison with py, IJR rarely occur-) signifies to make gestures of joy, dk, ver. L8&, is an interrogative on; ~y~~. |. if s [Jay npon the name of the stork, which is so called: pia instar oiconuB (on this figure of speech, comp. Mehien's TtheUmh der A >. ITS). *r, ver. 1 I iblishes the negation implied in the question, as e.g. Isa. xxviii. 28. The idea IS not that the henostrich abandons the hatching of her eggs to the earth (? Sty as Ps. xvi. 10), and makes them "glow over the dust" (Schlottm.), for the maturing energy compensating for the sitting of the parent bird proceeds from the sun's heat, which ought to have been mentioned; one would also expect a Hiph. instead of the Piel WOTjIj which can be understood only of hatching by her own warmth. The hen-ostrich also really broods herself, although from time to time she abandons the E?2n to the sun.1 That which contrasts with the (f)L\oaropyla of the stork, which is here made prominent, is that she lays her eggs in a hole in the ground, and partly, when the nest is full, above round about it, while JW3 D*BTD nTDfi, Ps. civ. 17. DW is

1 It does, however, as it appears, actually occur, that the female leaves the work of hatching to the sun by day, and to the male at night, and does not sit at all herself; vid. Funke's Naturgeschiclite. revised by Taschenberg (1861), S. 213 f.

lance with its W j;;; hat next bq prevent it. The that are only just C I with earth, that lie round about the m:ually become I t]: inimals; and men can | then for themselves one by one, if t!

real their footprinti being if the ostrich that it* i I, it tramples apon its own

Lichtenrt That it thus abend ording r. 17, from tip I t God 1 it to explains, h;is extinguished in it, deprived it of, the ihare thereof (a a I u liii. 12a, LXX. iii. 21) which it might have had. It is only one the stupidities of the ostrich that is made prominent hei irbial ahmaq n olish than the rich," has its origin in more such < Hut if the care with which other animals guard tli aim 01

1 to it, it lias in its stead another irkable characteristic: at the time when (HJ3 here followed b J an elliptical relative clause, which is clearly possible, just as with HJ3, ch. vi. 17) it stretches (itself) on hi ■ •-. it starts up with alacrity from its ease (on the radical signification of tt";-" = "TtpTI, viJ. p. 2, note), and hurries forth with a powerful flapping of its wings, half running half flvhm, it derides the liorse and its rider — they do not overtake it, it is the swiftest of all animals; wherefore *jJAa!! LLr< ±j&s>\ (zafim, equivalent to dellm according to a less exact pronunciation, m p. 171, note) and £*IaaN.^ J«\ fleeter than the ostrich, is just as proverbial as the above £«l*Jt!1 ^< JL+^\; and "on ostrich's wings" is equivalent to driving along with incomparable swiftness. Moreover, on N^-'T1 and P'jVT1? which refer to the female, it is to be observed that she is very anxious, and deserts everything in her fright, while the male ostrich does not forsake his young, and flees no danger.1

1 We take this remark from Doumas, Horse cf the Sahara. Tiie following contribution from "Wetzstein only came to hand after the exposition was completed: "The female ostriches are called D^3"l not from l9Umd of ml. feat him; for only the male, which u celled

After tl. as the Lrabe sn\ >mpo

>ic I* and im: the 1 bich is

— a wisdom which demands the i n. This passage < K.I.. in aet an beautiful drsrrip-

a rule ihe lays thirty eggs. The ostrich egg is called in I

I certainly wry a:

ilowed out in nlserveeasa in tht hot

■i which account l m in the sandy tr

1 1. 1:.ice at the end <f Ap iniexawith

:i an in rhe banters inform m that

in early in the daj nntfl

rening until early in the morning with tl which was

about thro the ostrich does not sit

on its eggs. 1 based on tl:

tlwi during first period of

brooding. k 14 and 15 do not say more than this. But when

f hatching (called el-jaq*, PpD) ■ Di IT, the hen no longer

The same observatioi \ with I the

Lstics in common with the ostrich. That the ostrich is accounted stupid

r. 17) may from the fact, that when the female has been

ied from the eggs Bhe always seeks out the male with a loud cry;

then, as the hunters unanii; assert, brings him forcibly back to the nest (hence its Arabic name zalim, ' the violent one'). During the

interval the hunter ha3 buried himself in the sand, and on their arrival,

I good shot often kills both together in the nest. It may also be

h -; m Ii not Um tell ltd III lafl female again upon the eggs, buries and, a ereniag, whet irniatakeably regulated i tii the (: what the which is called the caracol, ■ w< iimiI in horseman o the Arab. I *-/- mar. ^. and the flight of tii Qch •• J am i oblic

. but perha] adical rignifi n, Recording

• irhich it \. and Bignifii the howling of tl nnj wind. ad the like.1 T Jitival cl inn that

I repulsed, | And thou in.r the sound of the bell-can ndi)

who tin lance). Here and of Ufl which tho.-j who wish to announce

warriors hang their 1. Iraw the attention of

m. M mdi are the mares that carry the bureshi-

mil The meaning therefore ifl: tliou couldst hear this

sound, which ought only to be heard in the fray, in flight, when the warriors consecrated to death fled as cowards. Taijdr (Tejdr) is Sdlih the son of Canaan (died about 1815), mentioned in vol. i. p. 390, note 1, a g;.Lriior of the wandering tribe of the ' Aneze. — Wetzst.

ifHilantt putrtm tonitu quat.:mp*m

Jur<m, ft mlido grimier mnat umgula corn* imptti '-^ it swallows up:

held, Uld of tlie war-trump was 7; to j ither the army at the end of th. 2 S 22; when forming for defence and for aasanlfj Amos iiL md in general * signal of. iv. 19. A as this is heard f"-, in makes known its lost of war by a j afar, before the collision has taken place; it BG according to Pliny's -:i) the approaching conflict,

(scents even in anticipation) the thundering command of the chiefs that may soon be heard, and the cry of battle giving loose to the assault. "Although," says Layard ( Xew Disc. p. 330), "docile as a lamb, and requiring no other guide than the halter, when the Arab mare hears the r-cry of the tribe, and sees the quivering spear of her rider, her eyes glitter with fire, her blood-red nostrils open

I ess unfavourable to thit rendering if the following, that "IS ».. athera,ax -:s ng that U composed of tb« power of assimilation — a c-oui! vulture, the

..n 1 in kindfl of. T ut our mand that » •.1 in W) it thy command

I; then, ••I by the original high hill, and the mountain-: The rare form VFjT# for h i i i., and others wish to read IP^j

-■;: ' agnation of the feathers of birds.

1 The Arab. ' nUn docs not I I the signification iterum which branches out in various way i a second, third, etc., drink

r the first. More on thia point on Isa. iii. 1.

literal TJpJJ to be supposed, is not to ierived from??y, and is not, as it recently has been, to be compared w~. "to drink." This Arab, verb does not signify "to drink" at all,

• in favour of rv I out of r it |. bolt not happtoprial —a* od that is th r it u of thi' D it in troth n an I. lion] woi

\y;: iL 1 is again taken n]. I is now in some measure a' which was assi it as an answer I of

. nong many other branchings out of iia general primary significa- - U, also signifies:14 to Uke a se rink

- 2 goes bar V *•-; whence also fj,cofirj7 Ti: ii means will Job | in this contending with < II<- who art G I ri lit, as though be trything better than lie, shall answer the questions pal him.

Then Job am Jehoi th, in 1 said:]

And twiei — I uritl do ii n ne his mouth firmly doeed (emnp. ch. xxi. 5, xxix. 9)j for whatever he might Bay would -till not be t<> the point Once he has dared to criticise God*s doings; s <2t^ = r*y:\ Qes. $ 120, 5) he ventures it no more, for Gtod'i wondrous wisdom and all-careful lnve dazzle him, and be gladly bov

Bat how | Is not the divine speech altogether different from what one ought to expect? One expects to hear from the mouth of Jehovah something unheard of in the previous course of the drama, and in this expectation we find ourselves disappointed at the outset. For one need only look back and read ch. ix. 4-10, where Job acknowledges and describes God as a wise and mighty Lord over the natural world, especially as an irresistible Ruler over everything great in it; ch. xii. 7-10, where he refers to the creatures of the sky and deep as proofs of God's creative power; ch. xii. 11-25, where he sketches the grandest picture of God's terrible doings in nature and among men; ch. xxvi. 5-14, where he praises God as the Creator and Lord of all things, and describes what he says concerning Him as only a faint echo of the thunder of His might; ch. xxviii. 23 sqq., wThere he ascribes absolute wisdom to Him as the Creator and Ruler of the world. If one ponders these pan of Job's speeches, he will not be able to say that the speech of Jehovah, in the exhibition of the creative power and wisdom of God, which ifl its theme, would make dub conscious of anything which was previously unknown to him; and it is accordingly a>ked, What, then, IS there that is new in the ch oi Jehovah by which tl hi about, that Job humbles himself in penitence, and Odes ready for the act of redemption which folio*

It has indeed never occurred to dub to to outer into he is far from the delusiou of b We to stand such a t he knows in ral, that it' God were willing to contend Sj<$ with him, he would not b r God one in a thou- x|* it to I Hafl tb I tli" drama perhaps failed in thi:

Fj connection of the wh bring about the needful effect hie thoughts i I Bui this poet is not so poor and we shall ther to try and understand tb disposition of the:h of Jehovah before we censure it.

When one of Job's last words before the appearing o Jehovah was the word W ntf, Job thereby desired God' decision concerning the testimony of his innocence. Tin wish is in itself not sinful j yea, it is even a fruit of his hidde faith, when he casts the look of hope away from his afllictio and the accusation of the friends, into the future to God c his Vindicator and Redeemer. But that wish becomes sinfi when he looks upon his affliction as a de facto accusation o the part of God, because he cannot think of suffering an sin as separable, and because he is conscious of his innocenc looks upon it as a decree of God, his opponent and his enenr which is irreconcilable with the divine justice. This Job's condition of conflict and temptation is the prevailing one; his faith is beclouded, and breaks through the night which hangs over him only in single rays. The result of this condition of conflict is the sinful character which that wish assumes: it becomes a challenge to God, since Job directs against God Himself the accusation which the friends have directed against him, and asserts his ability to carry through his good cause even if God would enter with him into a judicial contention; he becomes a 11D* and mta rroift, and raises himself above God, because he thinks he has Him for an enemy who is his best friend. This defiance is, however, not common godlessness; on the contrary, Job is really the innocent servant of God, and his defiant tone is only the result of a false conception which the tempted one indulges respecting the Author of his affliction. So, then, this defiance has not taken full possession of Job's mind; on the contrary, the faith which lays firm hold on confidence in the God wThom he does not comprehend, is in conflict against it; and this conflict tends in the course of the drama, the nearer it comes to the catastrophe, still nearer to the victory, which only awaits a decisive stroke in order to be complete. Therefore Jehovah yields to Job's longing ^y "HB>, in as far as He really answers Job; and even that this takes place, and that, although out of the storm, it nevertheless takes place, not in a way to crush and destroy, but to instruct and convince, and displaying a loving condescension, is an indirect manifestation that Job is not regarded by God as an evil-doer mature for judgment. But that folly and temerity by which the servant of God is become unlike himself must notwithstanding be destroyed; and before Job can realize God as his Witness and Redeemer, in which character his faith in its brighter moments has foreseen Him, his sinful censuring and blaming of God must be blotted out by penitence; and with it at the same time bk foolkh imaginati '' lias hi d. That which, in tl of wh re the power and * i of God — ii an insignificant fool, if he appliee them to his limited judj [ring the Author of hii

The fundai: divine speech is the thought, that the divine worl. in nat infinit alted ahove liurnan knowli and p I that C uently man must lvnounce all cla! t-r knowledge and right of contention in the |.ice of the divine dispensation!. But at the same time, within the range of this general thought, it is also in particular shown how nature reflect* the go ness of God as weO as His wisdom (He has restrained the tractive power of the waters, lie also sendeth rain upon the steppe, though untenanted by man); how that which accomplishes the purposes for which it was in itself designed, serves higher purposes in the moral order of the world (the dawn of day puts an end to the works of darkness, snow and hail serve as instruments of divine judgments); how divine providence extends to all creatures, and always according to their need (He provides the lion its prey, He satisfies the ravens that cry to Him); and howT He has distributed His manifold gifts in a way often paradoxical to man, but in truth worthy of admiration (to the steinbock ease in bringing forth and growth without toil, to the wild ass freedom, to the antelope untameable fleetness, to the ostrich freedom from anxiety about its young and swiftness, to the horse heroic and proud lust for the battle, to the hawk the instinct of to the eagle a nest and a \ Bg right).

acts bouuda to the set, ■ loiscs tliat be will nov. JOger o steriea of nat the same t res the mystery he has hitherto

B order to disclose its matured beau' also J vah speaks. in wral gs, ai does not demand 11 does not nmt i

1 I is much I: - an 1 compassionate than men. ObfVfl the friends, th llYUM honour, these r their own ortl., how they rave Igainst Jobl How much better is it to fall into the uth, li ther truth without or sins, men at once < mil m 1 makes the l'«k freeing the man like an instructor, until the til -.11

An i, when 11 iocs begin to He doean with him as a child; B.im from tl.

aatore, and allows him to say for himself that he fails in this examination. In this secon 1 h Ele acta With him as in the wdl-known poem of Hans Sachs with Si Pel

II off n him to take the government of t: rid for once instead of Himself. II B produces conviction; fa also His mode of action is a deep lowering of Himself. It is Jehovah, th ( I J, who at length fa Himself in humanity, in order to convince men of His love.

I will <pk. and do thou answer me!

8 Wilt thou alU i ad my right) Condemn hat thou may est be righteous?

9 hast thou (hi arm like Gc

And canst thou with the voice thunder like Him?

osness, so far a^ is also intern v, as c:

f ukr o translation follows h pomp and dim 11 /M the over/towing

, including the grav ip, Arab, pi w itli his shorl i and charg ntona | after the manner of die intensive ]>lur. flftwtj ni£-n? which play the part of the abstract termination), which sounds

like a plurn but without the numerical plural signification, consider^ Hebrew, denotes the beast tear efo^i/, or the nt of beast?, is however Hebraized from the Egyptian p-ehemau, (muau), i.e. the (/.>) ox (ehe) of the water (nxau as in the Hebraized proper name "r'-j. It is, as Bochart has first of all shown, the so-called river or Nile horse, Hippopotamus amphtbiuB (in Isa. xxx. 6, 2:: Hton:^ as emblem of Egypt, which extends its power, and still is active in the interest of others), found in the rivers of Africa, but no longer found in the Nile, which is not inappropriately called a horse; the Arab, water- m. art. instated back apain into the Egyptian an instance in farour of this is still wai 1 1 r*« i< | ft: it was I;red barley — is ac j)y s less, it has the sinews the firm constituent part*,1 then-fore: ligaments an -eles)

1 In the astronomic*] representations the hippopotamus m in the neighbourhood of the North Pole in the place of ragoa of the present sod bears the uameof e«»-s»«r ssstfsssl mi, •' the mother." howerer is obsct: reh explains it by: raging.

* primary signification (made firm, fa gs pot together from wood: it: hand-barrow, bedstead sad mil be foundation. Wetast.

-7 are not the sinew* and muscles, still less l prirate parts ' of oth> or bearers of the animal body two ahoulder-biadee. The Arab, mrir it that on which a «up- ported or rests, on a t stands firmly, or mores about. Stakwdm

280) says: * mrir is the substratum on which a rests,* and

0 same, is the place where the head rests upoi. nape of Thi K n primo iocs, which shows that it is general; then follows in gen. «— = ' th< almost with- In like a it like an da " i I

1 WeUst otherwise may compar! ^sJUL,. to itt&is of this notion (v. rbsare with tl z

> be ex tborl and thick itsm i f) the « • l.ir.'" f r the ituntt 1 tail of an animal is a ress of <7- H 0871 with the octog- ikh

; but they ar M itei i b stiffly

3 ' ing to I unifies properly the thick-' (==. from the root Jack, with the general signification of being puffed out, swollen, thick.

4 In the choice of the word *;~:j'\ the mnshagarat ed-dawdti (from all sides in this delightful corner of the earth (the Ghuta) the vine left to. unifications, often a dozen branches resembling so many huge snakes entangled together, swings to and fro upon the either in Aran us another reUl to lengthen, ondoti y a secondary

>ng, as maiuna of Im'/ici, madana mamara la!

vifUl (a saemtii/1), whence proba piraWoy (metal). ''-an or rods, therefore metal in a.;ht state, although not yet l.1 Iu bones are li »rase, iu bone, the more t irged rods n — what an ap|

I the comparatively *n skelet inaasof flcsii of the gigantic boar-like grassis car:

shining stem of the lof Oplsfe" And ib. 8. 491 I « a twilled l almost the thickness of a man, as though formed of rods of • (oomp. rer sleet to SoOD, Ha that which U hsmmsrurl oat in length, used of

■i and other metal*; and one a*-. fa piece of iron that has been hammered for the purpose of stretel lains: aid of iron signifies to stretch it that it may become

The Tcrb ^oo can be regarded as a fusion of the root T jo,

Old oomp. noto end ^ Bednin: to take long steps) with the root

Sa» to be long. — Wctzst. The shore explanation of the origin of the verb tao seems to ua more probable.

neas bj x bikal hadi!, which signifies a smelted and formed piece of

I of the brook tmoompasi him* llehul tream is 8trongf h* d

I I jJi snares let one j el of rank. art in Wf$ is, without the pronominal suff.

being meant as. [ual to a but so that "this" dot. so much as forwards). It is not metnt that II

Lothj but (on which aecount v is intentionally wanti: that He brought forth, /.»;. e:. its (behemoth's) peculiar rd, viz. the gigantic incisors rai -pposite one another, with which it s upon the meadow as with a sickle:

apovprjaiv Katc)]i> iwifiaXKerui apirrjv (Xicander, Theiiac. 566), irn is exactly the sickle-shaped Egyptian sword (Jtarpu = 2~~. Vegetable food (to which its teeth are adapted) is appointed to the behemoth: " for the mountains produce mum tilrtstrii lection with w]

steppe seek the shade of »te-tree, Schultent has supported

1 Whether *?*2. cb signifies mixed proTender (farrago), or portal* grain, so that jo W, Judg then, fication "he gnre dry provender constating of barWy-grai:., would be the oppoiite of the jabuj\sh - if the preen " he gives green vender oonsistiog of green grass or green barley, hashish," as Wetast.

1 The |Jl# Off /Wm-trev, which likes hot and damp valleys, and hence and much on the northern, and in great numberi 00 the eastern, shores

ISS, is called in the present day ndra, collect, ndr; and

-cause the fn e prerioos year only falla from the tree when th.. » present year is rip and Bagdad, as they told me, the /Win -tree bears twice a year. In Egypt it* fruit i* called neb; ~z: / as in Freytag), and the tree is there far stronger and tall ia, where it ia seldom more than about four and twenty feet high. Only in the W6di s-sidr on the mountains of Judaea have I seen several unusually large trunks. The KAasaw places the signification

0 sweet Dum- to JL wild I>." In re may also be a th fine fruit, n

J7JI (in which I t a is a helping vowel, and the second el) j but although the form 712-5 and the segolate forms comi>l one another in inflection, still there does not 63 mple in favour quently enough alternates with I (e.g. >, and a transition into e of the T weakened from a (e.g. D3T) also occurs. But there are no forms like *BflM =WjQ] from MJfl in realitv, although they would be possible according to the laws of vowels. In Ges. Handworterb. (1863) 1773 stands under 773 (according to the form 337, which, however, forms *2I^) and i^v under ^v (a rare noun-form, which does not occur at all form verbs double Ayin).

1 Certainly one would hare expected - - ■ ni. while fTT

\ appears fonned from rp; nevertheless;h changeable ^ to that Will I the eel die Indian myth civ. 26 it doei not denote i orian after the kind of the bj iius of the primeval world,1 hut directly in the Talmi I. •. / an<l in fact U '*-" r app atural of I of tlic mightiness of Pharaoh

'. on Pa. lxxiv. 13 iq.), as once again the crocodile itself ifl called in Arab, elforaun. The Old T * inient tangos sesses no r name for tlie crocodile D the Talmudic is the generic name of twisted, an I |OT long-extended mon-

Sinoe the Egyptian name of the crocodile lias not been Hebraized, the poet contents himself in Sjfefafl with

I crocodile calbd aba ia l'abuiae. wbw i. really the ca*e, apart irom the M-called bad cwo- from all liYinK.pecie* hare abo a and.a EgypUaa tomb*,

"rtav, vci. can I meant - the little mti thou fill his fikin icith A n I <*arst

The fiahennen a guild (( iwj are Phcenici then, becaufl • the merchant race of the ancient world, directly traders or merchants.

The meaning of the qu a is, whether one sells the crocodile among them, perhaps halved, or in general divided up;. i. 409). Further, ver. 31: whether one can kill it rriaOTj with pointed missiles (Arab, shauke, sl thorn, sting,

■ trraU it aa p<3 bo aasoma*! in connection v iocs not eat anin natural in connection v uc; alt) acnxl in k»me parta « 4 llonopolia, on the cot waa salted life - waa a: largest scale, aa is t in the greatest calil:" i. be bit between the neck a nt rilTMtt, when the race was with thai has i

, the croccxi was efft rith h.irj ioos. On ths wh U subject we have too little informa-

U. as the plication *hovah have r en Me anytl f all, that 1 egan in eh. \1. 1 ' of one of I tores it, how much mure should the greatness of the ( • let Q resistance I 10 one my claim so that fa ht of appearii fore

Him with a r ore under hea

God l Of tak l6, vcr. 2 not directly equivalent • "'S. but the clause is exclamatory. tt"W Chethib, isora assumes an inl rogative [ bi silent at ar more j>oct: to cause: ap silence) here, aa

:*" Stadia rdai tfeat of fact, aa

J as observed a.iing, we have

.vhich id the "doul ■i bit in t:, the month pression 1 is t rible, which the writer uses PttA -th in t >ts,

IV DTrtn | definition belonging to it:

closed is (each by a firmly attached, and there- fore fir seal. LXX. r markably oicnrep <T/jLvpiTr)<;

Six rows of ki. and four scales of the neck cover deecribed in ten. -oiietantl

•' the am aa an irritation beoee • he vagus; ai DOB the xcry often nv the animal lying ic sand, iu jsw* wide open and turned towards the warm sunbeams,

'be slender white water- wagtail, march quietly

-*, and pick oat worms from the walcrj jaws."

dolus.:he same storj; as the special friend of

.cam*.'. he mentions rU xh be sand-piper, with (j. wii rendering of i peculiar l>rilli yes of cert

; like mc '.'afyaivee-: the eyes ht tov ftv6< ipil in the 1

1 The eyes of the crooo lselves are no

Ss eyes f in the Ivamesseam and elsewhere the crocodile appears v. I lead p ing opwards in company >co- dile are rendered ape* ar this group it appears again in a curved position, and quite small, but this tin. with a scorpion which bears a disc of the boo iQia seems tome to be a figure of the longest the la

(xccxxZ: i polio) of the shortest, so that consequently

- and Zwi; do no* -etting of the sun, but to i.ight as prevailing against or succumbing to the day (communicated by Lauth from his researches on the astronomical monument.-;. But since the growth of the day begins with the longest night, and vice versa, the re of the light shining forth from the darkness, as the crocodile's tail

.ties black darkness (and Egypt as the black land).

1 Pruf. Will refers the figure not to the third eyelid or the membrana dile is itself a rose red; ind therefore, irviwv wvoas&f? kowvop ok yrvpos.

t steam, accordii lo do is present 1 bora, a po*:i con on with it) roods as

•5 steaming wai e at! " is to be compared to o that spot oo the rAorouSVo, glistening wUk a metallie o has in common with most animals of thentgbt herefore to the bnllisx which shine*

- i lustrous coating the ma£m6oent head of a crooodii

: closer together than in Othtf animal-. pWJ [fl not, mill i HJi "~:.. to split, in pi which) to bear the weight and friction of the

Upper, mu rticularly hard. It i intend actual stone-like hardness, but only of its indomitable spirit and great tenacity of life: the activity of its heart is not so ea disturbed. d woi; t so quickly bring it itupid and strong (Ges. /.'. as uj>on a go back*-.. •naard, and

. also as the Arab, thul ur% en.

S/i/itf stones are turned to ounUd as si it

J, as I hasten on, signifies a mi \ an n gam nd, of the catapult In t! mbinal weapons of attack it ia?ery qui iti«»naMe whether n*py is a that rem landing bat I If, threshed and talks iss), or even any remains of

1 On the various kinds of Egyptian an '.turgeschichte,

2 1:ge has here more faithfully preserved the the S ic; for in Syria cut but still unthreshed corn, whether lying in swaths out in the field and weighted with stones to protect it against the whirlwinds that a: [Dent about noon, or corn already br^ reshing-floors bat not yet tbretbed, is calkd qaiiik.— axv nearly mes larger tban ibe commc I called nities sternrre (ch. wii..ml then toodile, the -• f which ire smooth, bol to the I with its scales, win ofa m r less edged I by i when | I tlir id that when it preens its in th aes, h saw two alligal thai their rapid, marks 1 by I the water as it 'ling. With animal f musk, has perhaps its double gland in tl I 1 furnish tl I ins and An cans tl k. In wr. 24a the bright white trail that the c it on the surface i is intended; in vn*. 246 the I 1 which am xiptkms of the foaming sea with woXioe, ■, in the classic poets. Wt?, hoary hair, H UlCientfl the

nndentood by the Targ., Syr., Aral), version, and most moderns (tuj, Ilahn: there is not on earth any mastery over it), according to Zech. ix. 10, is certainly, with LXX., Jer., and Umbr., not to be understood differently from the Arab. mithlahu (its equal); whether it be an inflexion of Wb, or what i 8 probable, of 7W1 i comp. ch. xvii. 6, where this

' frhile he cl himaalf with it; I res thai xl. 7. I [itherto i ah has in order to brini: liim to a knowledge of his ignorance and weakm lie has thoroughly perceived this, he anxious to pal hovah, in order to penetr deeper and deeper into the knowl of the divine power and wisdom. Now for the first time with him, the true, living ption of God has its beginning, being no longer ise: in onaem to my ears, 001 I' those in the second speech of J nger has lil, in ( p with the ie bo and an acquaintance with I. in especial inl in things Egyptian, the anthent n<> spe« J ent from what was to b ted in

.• with the | the same thing con: be se an haw no other pnr- pose hut tl. conviction, which nr to this conf<, an 1 i the healthful tune from which it pi Is. T nanre he no Ion tiding with Jehovah in 1, bat Job's contending with.' of the evil-doer, which is irreconcilable with divine justice; that contending by which the SO P, in spite of the shadow which affliction i him, supported the assertion of his own righteousness. Here also, as a result, the refutation follows in the only way consistent with the dignity of Jehovah, and so that Job must believe in order to perceive, and does not perceive in order not to be obliged to believe. Without _ruing the matter with Job, as to why many things in the government of the world are thus and not rather otherwise, Jehovah challenges Job to take the government of the r!.„.r; us thinking of bin

0, reatorea are described

II I knowledges the divi- • win wieel ised scheme, in op]

s of ( J 1, now lios '• • him, whi vs notliii bimaelfj bat would gladlj a vast i medium of dii n. To whiofa ha 1j:is ily handl, —

Gods rnle deman the final

. for t::\t of which Jul, hi that he will hold ( D if he should

:ib to his affli him ere he yields. For he who hitherto lias only: of.1 ii, can upon an entirely Bnt fir all (" i has only us witness of Himself to him, to call him to repentance.

Now, however, since the rust of pollut' purged away

:>ure soul. He can also appear as his Vindicator and B:ier. After all that was sinful in his speeches is blotted out by repentance, there remains only the truth of his innocence, which God Himself testifies to him, and the

,is truthfulness wm more precious the untruthfulness of the fri iff the

1 1 mealf bee i earth, ind calls Job i li in ilso 1 their al d with which J b shall enter in wit! tly interces r them, end only him (DM *-.

which:it. [( ia the oldest and, according odare also the animals for the burnt- the iA for ti. r, is the b( ther with the sh( t, which jcur I e the ac branching off of the DHOTI from the rkty* The dui. d gives the mark of the profounde>t solemnity to the ofi i he offered.

The throe also obey the divine dil I; for although they will is above everything in their estimation, cheerfully subordinate themselves as friends to the friend.1 moment in % is became, at t i life

). as borrowed from here th- ti men always finds acceptance iself I f all.

:r and signifies proper! than in p ike an en<!; also in i removal from one's: land is regarded as the embleu red was recovered, ai blessed 1 J, as is also promised to the Israel • ner acquaintances, and ate bread ir< li a mi coarse or lmess. N him i one a] 1 ing if iianif est that iter value than the I, mot nowhere

I in th Old Testament i of weights in which Job's h D*BH are rings for the d and.\xxii. 3, an ornament of the women

The author now describes the manner of Job's being blessed.

Africa in the signification nyo (coin), as a Targ. (vid. Aruch, s.c.

-'j,;j") alio t. tea; the Arab, qist at least signifies balances and n; usand iheep and *ijr (Louta- usand yoke -n and a thousand

And ki had seren *ont and thrti dau*j f c the aake of their the xmr» an 1 hone*. Morrutcf. the foale are ako only jabandmao. «!e to buy a buabandmen) aln neaM of traaspo: be hu»- be plough, aa oar tsim the is trawportcd on the hack of the oxrr *oakl ha how carry wood and grata, how get the not an aai? The caroeK ot r harr ami inapor hopped atraw (tiim) ab),

I pot it iment lomewh ntly of the odour of i it (LXX. ] which r (75 f/<e daughters of J their father gave them to tl; iters, is explained from the de- fici v in the distinction of the gendc: Ver.