Exposition of the Whole Bible

’ fee chapter proceeds to give an account of the countries divided to the children of J/- rael in the land of Canaan, y¥. 1—5. but previous to that divifion relates the claim of Caleb to Hebron, through a promife made unto him by Mo/es forty-five years ago, upon his report of the good land, whither he was fent a fpy by him, ¥. 6—12. Manaffeh and Ephraim, Sc.) For the birth-right being forfeited by Reuben, was given to Fofeph, who had the double portion, the privilege of the firft-born; by which means the number of the twelve tribes was kept up in the divifion of the land, though that of Levi had no fhare in it; and which is alfo a reafon why they had none, that Fo- and the grant which Yo/bua made of it to him,with his bleffing, ¥. 13—15.

y. 1. And thefe are the countries which the children of Ifrael inberited in the land of Canaan, &c.

Of which an exact account is given in the following chapters, particularly in the xv, xvi", xvii", xviii and xix" chapters: which Eleazar the prieft, and Fofhua the fon of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes of the children of Ifrael diftributed for an inheritance unto them namely, 10 princes, one of each tribe, who with Eveazar and Yofbua, were appointed of the Lord by name to do this bufinefs, even feven years ago, before their entrance into the land of Canaan, Numb. xxxiv.

- Es By lot was their inheritance, &c.] Every eph’s two fons might be reckoned two tribes; therefore they gave no part unto the Levites in the land; to make way for the fons of Fo/eph to have the double portion: fave cities to dwell in; and that only, for they might not fell them, as other Traelites could theirs: with their fuburbs, for their cattle, and for their fubhtance; the Targum is, “* for all their beafts, and for their cattle;”’ that is, for convenient places to put them into, and for pafturage for them; which Kimchi and Ben Melech interpret of their larger and leffer cattle, their herds and their flocks, their oxen and fheep.

¥. 5. 4s the Lord commanded Mofes, fo the chile — dren of Ifrael did, &c.] Particularly with refpeét to the divifion of the land, and making provifion for the Levites; this they did by their heads and reprefentatives, the high-prieft and chief ruler, and tribe had its part and portion affigned to it, by the cafting of lots; which was done to prevent any future quarrels, animofities and ftrifes among the tribes, the difpofition being of the Lord; fhew the exact agreement between the lot and the divine predictions by Facob and Mojes; and to make it appear that the divifion of the land was not owing to the private combination of the above men, and their private fettlement of it; but to the providence of God, the director of the lot; their chief the princes of the feveral tribes: and they divided the Jand, met about it, and began to take mea+ fures in order to do it; they prepared for it, tho” and tolas yet it was not actually done, and previous to it was the following incident.

y. 6. Then the children of Fudab came unto ‘fofhua 7 Gilgal, 8&c.] Whither he was returned after the conqueft of the kings and their kingdoms; thefe were not the whole tribe of Fudab, but fome of the chief men of it who accompanied Caleb, for bufinefs was to fee that the lot was executed in a faithful manner, and that every tribe had its allotment according to it. In this, Canaan was a type of the heavenly inheritance, which the faints obtain by-lot, in and through Chrift, the antitypical Fofhua, Eph. i. 11. as the Lord commanded by the hand of Mofes, Numb. xxvi. 55, 56. for the nine tribes, and for the half tribe; fee ch. xiii. 7. the reafon why this number of them is particularly mentioned, follows.

y. 3. And Mofes had given the inberitance of two tribes, and an half tribe, on the other fide Fordan, &c.} The two tribes of Gad and Reuben, and the half tribe of Manaffeb, whofe inheritance is de- {cribedin the preceding chapter: but unto the Levites, be gave none inheritance among them; this is frequently obferved, that it might-be taken notice of, to fhew the difintereftednefs of Mo/es in this affair, Levi being his own tribe; and to recommend the care of the Levites to the other tribes, according to the provifion God had made for them.

¥. 4. For the children of Fofeph were two tribes, ithe honour of him, as Ben Gerfom obferves; he being their prince; and to fecond his petition, and to fhew their confent unto, and an approbation of fuch an affignment to him as he defired: and Caleb the fon of Fepbunneh the Kenezite, faid unto him; whether Caleb or Fephunneb is called the Kenizite, and what the reafon of the name, are not very material; and of which fee the note on Numb. xxxil. 12. and as Caleb was perfonally and fingly concerned in the following affair, he alone addrefied Fo/bua, attended with fome principal men of his tribe: thou knowe/t the thing the Lord faid unto Mofes the man of God, concerning thee and me, in Kadefh-barnea; the place from whence the fpies were fent, and whither they returned to Mojes there, of whom Ca/ed {peaks with great refpect and veneration, which he knew would be very pleafing — and endearing to Yo/bua, who could not but remember what had been faid by him concerning — himfelf, and Caleb, though it was now forty-five — years ago; it being fo very ftriking and memorable, that enly two of that generation then prent,

fent, fhould enter into the land of Canaan, the fulfilment of which, in all its circumftances, they had lived to fee. —.. y¥. 7. Forty years old was IT, when Mofes the Jervant of the Lord.-fent me from Kadefb barnea, to efpy out the land, &c.} Not he alone, but eleven more with him, one out of every tribe; his age he mentions, and of which, or near it, it is highly probable the reft of the fpies were, to fhew that he and they were in the prime of their days, both as to bodily ftrength and intellectual capacity, which were requifite for fuch fervice as to fpy out the land, of what quality that and its inhabitants were; and Mojes he calls the fervant of the Lord, becaufe it was by the order and appointment of God, fignified to Mo/es, that this was done; and. the place from whence they were fent forth is named, which afcertains what that Kade/b was, where J/rae was encamped when the fpies were fent, Numé. xiii. 26. and I brought him word again, as it was in mine heart; that is, he gave to Mo/es upon his return a fincere, honeft and faithful reprefentation of the land, and its inhabitants, as it appeared to Zgypt, after which they wandered in the wildernefs 38 yea4s, fo that they had now been in the land of Canaan feven years; and from hence the Fewifh chronologers * gather, that the land was feven years in. fubduing, and which their commentators in general take notice of. Maimonides feems to be dif- |plealed with the rads for calling the wildernefs, thro’ which the J/raelites travelled, the defart of wandering; butit appears from hence to be a very proper epithet of it, and Kade the place where they were firft threatened, that they fhould be wanderers in the wilderne!s for fuch a time, had the additional hin name of Barzea, which fignifies the fon of a wan-

¥. 8. Neverthele/s, my brethren that went up with me, &c.] Meaning the reft of the fpies, excepting’ Fofbia, that went up, with him into the land of Candan to fpy it, which they might be faid to do, fince they went up a hill or mountain, in order to go into it, Numb. xiii. 17. heart of the peéple mel!, difcoutaged them, them with fears, funk their fpirits, that their hearts flowed, and became as weak as water, having no ftrength left in them, or hope of poffefiing thej land; being told what ftout and gigantic men the inhabitants of it were, and how itrongly fortified were their cities:

Lord my God; and did not join with them in ill report of the good land; but having the fear of God before his eyes, walked after that, and delivered in his report faithfully, according to the diétates of his confcience, and the real fentiments of his mind; of this phrafe, fee the note on derer: and now, lo, I am this day 85 years old; being. 40 years of age when fent a {py into the land, y. 7. 38 years he was with J/rae/_in the wilproperly;Gernefs, and feven years more fince they entered into the land, in all 85: there is no neceffity of made the underftanding it, that this was his. precife birthfilled’ day, but that about this time, or that he was now compleatly of fuch an age, which was more. by 15 years than the age of man in common at that time, fee jad Oh (le Yy. 11. 4s yet I am as firong this day, as I was in rhe day that Mofes fent me, 8c.) ‘To fpy the land, dut I wholly followed the) 45 years ago; fuggefting that he was as found in anjhis mind, underftanding, judgment and memory, and as hale, {trong and robutt in his body now, as he had been fo long ago; which was a wonderful inftance of the care of divine providence over him in upholding him in life, and continuing him in vigour and health at fuch an age, when the car-

Numb. xiv, 24. cafles of fo many thoufands had pined away and

¥.9. And Mofes fware on that day, faying, &c,] Or declared the oath of the Lord, for it was thel Lord that fware to what follows; fee Deu. i, 34, 35, 36. furely the land whereon thy feet have trodden, foall be thine inberitance, and thy children for ever; not the whole land of Canaan, nor all parts of it Caleb travelled through, but particularly Hebron; which though not exprefsly mentioned -in the aforefaid oath, yet was’ underftood known to be the meaning of it, and which Fo/bua by the following grant owned, and it is elfewhere exprefsly affirmed, Fudg. i. 20.

that it is not faid they, but be came to Hebron, Numb. xiii. 22. that is Caleb, fo that it was literally true that his feet had trodden there: now the reafon of this oath, and the inheritance affured by it to Caleb, was, becaufe thou haft wholly lowed the Lord thy God; in all his ways, and with Full ‘purpofe of heart, and particularly had acted the upright and faithful part in the report he made of the good land; fee the note on Numb. xiv. D7 a sae, = poe: a Tat. Coe giants, called “"¥. 10, And now bebold, the Lord hath kept me glive, as be faid, ec.| Had upheld him in life, and preférved him from many dangers in the wil-|7o dernefs; and had continued him not only in life, fell in the wildernefs: as my firength was, then, even o is my firength now for war; he had the fame {trength of body, and coutage of mind to engage in warlike enter prifes, ashe had. fo many years ago; and this he the rather mentions, to. prevent thejany objection Fo/bua might make to. the giving of 4edron to him, fince being inhabited by giants, it required a large fhare of ftrength and courage to andjattempt the conqueft of it: but Caled had ftrength both to go out, and to come in; to do any civil bufinefs, to prefide over his tribe, or to govern any and it is remarked, city, and. its appendages, that. fhould be put into his hands. sa! oak

¥. 12., Now therefore give me this mountain, whereof the Lord fpake in that day, &c.) The mountainous part of the country, the hill-country fol- of: Fudea, in which Hebron, Debir, and other cities were; for it was not one particular city only, that Caleb requefted, but a large tract of ground; /or thou beardeff in that day, how the duakim were there, and that the cities were great and fenced; Anakin, dwelt in the mountainous. country, and their cities, | Hebron, Debir and dnab were very large, and well fortified; this bua heard at the time. the {pies were fent into the land, he being one of them; and this he heard, but in health to that day, according to his promife to him, that he would bring him into the land of Canaan, and that he fhould fee and poffefs it, Numb, xiv. 24. Deut. i, 36. thefe forty and five years, even ince the Lord /pake this word unto Mofes, and while the children of [/rael wandered in the wilderne/s not that the children of L/rae/ were wandering in the wildernefs 45 years, but it was while they were in the wildernefs this word or promife, concerning Caleb, was fpoken by the Lord to Mo/es; and it was in the fecond year of their coming out of not from the report of the fpies, but from the people of the country, and therefore muft know that to conquer thefe men, and fubdue their cities, was an arduous undertaking; but fince he had ftrength and courage, he hoped his requeft would be granted: if fo be the Lord will be with me; which he {pake not as doubting of his prefence and power to be with him, and affift him, but as placing his confidence therein, and diftrufting his own power and ability, having no dependence on thar, but believing that the Lord, or, as the Targum, the Word of the Lord, would be with him for his help: then, fays he, I fhall be able to drive them out, as becaufe he wholly followed the Lord God of Ifrael 5 as in ¥. 8, 9. Hebron fignifies fellowfhip or communion; and this in a fpiritual fenfe is very defirable by all the people of God, as Hebron was by Caleb, even communion with God, Father, Son and Spirit, with angels and faints, both now and hereafter; and they are willing to engage with their fpiritual enemies in the name and ftrength of Chrift, though ever fo potent, may they but enjoy this bleffing, and which is more or lefs granted to all the hearty, fincere and-faithful followers of Chrift; fee Fobn xiv. 2123. 1 Fobni. 3, 7, y.15. And the name of Hebron before, was Kir- the Lord faid, that is, to drive the Anakim out of jath-arba, &c.] According to Ferom », it had its their cities, or out of the mountains, the caves and dens there, to which they betook themfelves, fince the taking of Hebron, Debir and Anab by Fofbua, ch. xi. 22. and he relied upon the promife of God to enable him to do this, and not upon his natural ftrength and courage, or the number and prowefs of the warlike tribe of Fudab, of which y¥.13. And Fofoua bleffed bim, &c.] By granting him his requeft, congratulating him upon it, and praying for and wifhing him faccefs in his attempt to drive out the giants, and poffefs their country: and gave unto Caleb the fon of fephunneh, Hebron for an inheritance; being fatisfied of the juftnefs of his fuit, of its being the will of God, and the order of Mo/fes, that he fhould have this for an inheritance, which he had heard himfelf, had knowledge of, and well remembered: this is to be underftocd not of the city of Hebron itfelf, for that was given to the Levites, and wasa city of refuge, but the country round about in the fields and vil-

Jages annexed to it, as appears from ch, xxi. 12. ¥. 14. Hebron therefore became the inheritance o name of Hebron from a fon or grandfon of Caleb is here, and in fome other places, fo called by anticipation: Kirjath-arba, may be rendered the city of the four; and had its name, as fome think, from the four couple buried there, or near it, dam and Eve, Abrabam and Sarab, Ifaac and Rebekah, Jacob and Leah; or trom four eminent perfons, who formerly dwelt there, Aner, Ejhcol, Mamre and Abraham; or rather from four perfons that more lately dwelt there, zak and his three fons, Shefhai, Akiman and Talmai,; or Arba is the name of fome great man, to whom this city belonged, and fo was called the city of Arba, which is the fenfe of our verfion, as appears by the following fupplement: which Arba was a great man among the Anckim; both in ftature, and in dignity, and in authority, which fome take to be 4uak himéelf, the father of the Anakim; fo Farchi and Kimchi: and the land had reft from war, as is obferved in ch. xi. 23. after Yo/bua had finifhed his conqueft; and here again it is remarked juft before the divifion of the land, as being now a proper time

Caleb the fon of Fephunneh the Kenezite unto this for it.

day, &c.] The time of the writing of this book:

jy this chapter are related the boundaries of the lot of the tribe of Fudab, ¥. 1—12. and the aflignment of Hebron to Caleb, from whence he * drove out the giants, and of Dedir, which was taken by Orbniel his brother, to whom, on that account, he gave his daughter in marriage, who made a further requeft to her father, which was granted, ¥. 13—r1g. and then follows an account of the feveral cities by name, which fell to the tribe of Fudab, ¥. z0—63.

y¥.1. This then was the lot of the tribe of the children of Fudab by their families, &c.| The land of Canaan was divided by lot to the feveral tribes, and the tribe of Fadab had its lot firft; of the manner of cafting lots, fee the notes on Numb. xxvi. 55. Vt feems as if the lot ‘was firft caft for the tribes of fudab and Fofepb, when the former had the fouthern, and the latter the northern part of the land for their portion, which was done in’Gilgal, after this lots were caft in Shilob for the other feven tribes, who had the land divided among them, which lay between’ Fudab and Fo- Jeph, or between the fouthern and northern parts of the land, fee ch. xviii. 1, €@¢. afd it feems that not only the land was divided to the tribes by lot, but that the portion of land which belonged to each tribe was divided in'the fame way to the feveral families and houfholds belonging thereunto; as is here fuggefted, with refpeét ‘to the tribe of Fudah, whofe lot reached even to the border of Edom, or Idumea, which lay to the fouth of the land of Canaan: the wilderne/s of Zion fouthward, was the uttermoft part of the fouth coaft; the fame with Kadefo, and lay upon the borders of Edom; fee Numb. xxxiii. 36. and xxxiv. 3;

¥.2. And their fouth border was from the foore of the falt fea, &c.] Sometimes called the dead fea, the fea of Sodom, and the lake A/phaltites, which, as Farchi obferves, was fouth-eait of the land of L/rael: from the bay that looketh fouthward, or the songue, as the Hebrew, which the Targum and Kimchi interpret of a rock or promontory, the point that ran out into the fea, looking to the fouth-eaft. rea

¥. 3. And it went out to the fouth-fide of Maalebacrabbim, &c.} Or the afcent of Akrabbim, as it is called, Numb. xxxiv. 4. fee the note there: and paffed along to Zin, and afcended upon the fo unto Kadefb-barnea; which perfectly agrees the fouthern border of the land, as deferibed in ©

Numb. xxxiv. 4. and paffed along to Hezron, went up to Adar; which two places being ne one another, as is very likely, are put toget one place, and called Hazar-addar, Numb. xxxiv. 4. and mention is made of Hezton, which is Ha- nar, ¥.25. but not of Adar: and fetched a compals to Karkaa, which Ferom~ calls Acchara, a village in the wildernefs; and if the fame with Carcaria, it was according to him a day’s journey from Petra in Jduntea; but that is not likely; fee of Fudab and Benjamin, as you go from Ferufalem to ‘Jericho, where there is a garrifon of foldiers for the help of travellers, and is fuppofed to be the place where the man fell among thieves in his way from the one to the other, Luke x. 30.

Fudg. viii. 10.; four miles diftant from Jericho to the weft, acy¥. 4. From thence it paffed towards dzmon, and went out unto the river of Egypt, &c.]° In like manner is this coatt defcribed, Numb. xxxiv. 5.| it is called by Yerom™* Afemona, and faid to be a city in the defart, to the fouth of Fudab, dividing Egypt, and the lot of the tribe of Fudab, leading to the fea: and the out-goings of thar coaft were at the fea; the Mediterranean fea; or to the weft, as the Targum.this was the utmoft border of the tribe of Fudab this way: this fall be your fouth coajt; of the lot that fell to the tribe of Judah, y. 7. And the border went up towards Debir, &c.| This was neither the Deéir in the tribe of Gad, on the other fide Yordan, ch. xiii. 26. nor that in the tribe of Judah near Hebron, y. 15. but a third city of that name, and was not far from fericho: from the valley of Achor; where Achan was put to death, and had its name from thence; which, according to Ferchi, lay between the ftone of Bohan and Dedir: and fo northward, looking towards Gilgal; not the place where I/rael were encamped when this lor ‘was made, but it feems to be the fame’that is-called Gelloth, ch. xviii. 17: ‘that is, the going up to Adummim; which Ferom fays <, was formerly “a little village, ‘now in ruins, in the ‘lot of the tribeiof ¥udah, “which place is called to 'this day Maledomim; and by the Greeks, the afcent of the red ones, becaule of ‘thé blood which was-there frequently thed by thieves: \it'lies on the borders cording to Adrichomius *, and was a mountain, and part of the mountains of Engaddi: which is on the outh fide of the river; which fome take to be the brook Cedron, but that is not very likely, being too near Ferufalem for this place: it may be rendered the valley, fo Farchi, either the valley of |Achor, before mentioned, or however a valley that ran along by the mount or afcent of Adummim, which lay to the fouth of it: and the border paffed to the waters of En-/hemefo: or the fountain of the /un; but of it we have no account, what and where it was. It might be fo called, becaufe dedicated to the fun by the idolatrous Canaanites, or becaufe of the fun’s influence on the waters of it. Our city, Bath is, by Antoninus ¢, called aque folis, the wa ters’ of the fun; though there is a fountain in Gyrene, fo called, for a reafon juft the reverfe, it being as Mela * and Pliny® affirm, hotteft in the middle of the night, and then grows cooler by little and little; and when it is light, is cold, and colder ftill, and at noon exceeding cold; and, according to Voffius", it is the fame with the fountain of ‘fupiter Ammon; 21.)and fo it appears to be from Herodotus *, by whom it is alfo called the fountain of the fun, and which he places in Thebes, though Pliny diftinguifhes them: and the goings out thereof were at En-rogel,; which fignifies the fountain of the fuller, {fo the Targum renders it, and probably was a fountain where fullers cleanfed their cloths; and was called Rogel, as Farchi and Kimchi fay, becaufe they ufed to tread them with their feet when they wafhed them. This was a place near Jeru/alem, as appears from 1 Kings i. 9. near to which perhaps was the fuller’s monument, at the corner tower of Ferufalem, Fofephus* {peaks of, as there was alfo a place not far from it called the fuller’s field, J/ vii. 3. according to Bunting', it had its name from travellers wafhing their feet here..

¥. 5. And the eaft border was the falt fea, even unto the end of fordan, &c.] ‘To the place where ‘fordan fell into it; fo that this border was the whole length of the falt fea, which Fofepbus fays » was 580 furlongs; and, according to Pliny’, 1oo miles: aad their border in the north quarter was from the bay of the fea, at the uttermoft part of fordan, this northern border began where the ealtern ended, at the bay or creek of the fea, where Fordan fell into it. when the fun is rifen is

¥. 6. And the border went up to Beth-hoglah, &c.] A place in the tribe of Benjamin, mentioned along with Fericho, and probably near it, ch. xviii. Ferom * {peaks of a place called Betagla, in his time, which was three miles from Fericho, and two from Yordan, and perhaps is this fame place: and paffed along by the north of Beth-arabah; another city which belonged to Benjamin, ch. xviii. - 22. and lay in a defart, as its name fhews; or in a plain, as the Targum: and the border went up to the fione of Boban the fon of Reuben, by whom, or on whofe account it was placed, either as a fepulchral ftone, he being buried there, or in memory of fome famous exploit done by him there, he-being one of thofe of the tribe of Rewben, that came with ‘Fo/bua to affift in the war againft the Canaanites’; or it was fet for a fign of the border, as Kimchi thinks, it being the boundary between Fw#- dah and Benjamin, ch. xviii. 17. Bunting fays’», it is near Beburim, in the valley juft in the king’s way, and is of an extraordinary greatnefs, fhining like marble. of that name formerly, and was near Feru y. 8. And the border went up by the valley of the /on of Hinnom, 8&c.] Which belonged to a man alem, placed by Ferom™ to the eaft of it; but Reland* rather'thinks it is to the fouth. It was infamous for the facrifices of children to Moloch in it, by burning them, or caufing them to pafs through fire: hence, in allufion to it, hell-fire is often in the New Teftament -called Geenna; this border from the falc fea, and from Yordan, is all along faid-to go up, becaufe from hence to Ferufalem was an afcent, that lying on higher ground: unto the fouth-fide of the Febufite, of the place the Febufite inhabited; the Jame is Ferufalem, which was formerly called Febus, from the inhabitants of it; yea, “Febufi, as here, and fo may intend not the inhabitants, ‘but the place, fee ch. xviii. 28. Fudg. xix. 10. and here the Yebufites lived, at leaft in fome part of it, until the time of David, 2 Sam.

v. 6,°7,°8. and the border went up to the top of the mountain that lieth before ‘the valley of Hinnom

ley, as JFofepbus" faysy was not tar from Jerusalem, 20 furlongs from it.. Some late travellers °stell us it lies in the way from Jeru/clem to Bethlehem, and is.not above two hours ride from the former. From this account it appears, as Yarchi remarks, that

Ferufalem was not within the line, and,was not in the border of Fudab, but of Benjamin, which tribe lay to the north of fudeh: it feems indeed to have been one part of it in the tribe of Fudab, and the other in the tribe of Benjamin; though the Jews frequently fay itdid not belong to either tribe. ¥..9. And the border was drawn from the top of the bill, &c.| Mount,Moriah, and, went round in a circuit, fo Farchi and Kimchi: unto the fountain of the water of Nephtoah; which. lay at the bottom of ic; which, according to the Jewi/h writers,.is the fame*with the fountain of Etam, from whence.a itream flowed to the dipping-room in the water-gate of the temple, where the high-prieft forthe firft time: dipped himfelf on the day of atonement’: and went out to the cities of mount Ephron, Jerom * Speaks of an Ephron inthe tribe of Judab,.which.was avery large;village in his time,:and went by the name of Epbrea, and was 20 miles from ia or Ferufalemto the north; and which Eufebius better places eight.miles from. it; and Yarchi obferves, that the line went.to the northfide, and the border. enlarged to this place; near to this mountain were cities, and it is not improbable that one of them might have its name from it;,but whether -this, or what mountain is here meant, is uncertain: fome have thought of £- phraim, with its towns mentioned in 2 Chron. xiii.

19. which feems to have been in the tribe of Ephraim; though Re/aud« places it in the tribe of

Benjamin: and the border was drawn to. Baalab, which is Kirjathyearim, called Kirjath-baal, or the city of Baal, x. 60. where it, is probable. there was a temple of Baa/; and when it came into the hands of the J/raelites, they changed its name to Kirjath-jearim, or the city of the woods, becaufe of the great number of trees which grew about it; for which reafon it might have been pitched upon by the heathens for their idolatrous fervice; it was one of.the cities of the Gibeonites, ch, ix. 17. and according to Eujebius and Ferom*, it was nine or ten miles from Ferujalem, as you go to Lydda; it is alfo called Baalab in x Chron, xiii. 6..and Baale of Fudab, 2 Sams vi. 2. ray y¥. 10. And the border compaffed from Baalab weflward unto mount Seir,. &c.|, Not. that in Jdumea, Jo. famous for its. being the feat of Z eu, which lay remote from hence, but a third of that name near Kirjath-jearim, and which ddrichomius- places.

on the borders of Azotus and Afcalon; this compafs.is. fetched from the north to the weft: and paffed along unto the fide of the mount Fearim, which is Chéfalon, on the north-fide, that is, on the northfide of the. mount, which went by both thofe names;. and which Ferom* places on the borders of Alia or Ferufalems, but it feems to be at a di- {tance from thence, and* near to Kirjath-jearim,

‘ T ¢: 7: * r p weftward; whichis generally fuppofed, tobe the' and had its name as that, from the multi mount Moriah: which is at the end of the valley.of the gicits, northward; the valley of Rephaim, as it is called 2 Sam. v. 18, and here. Mount Moriah, \as it was to the weft of the valley of Hinnom,. it was to the north of the valley of Rephaims which val- but this, according to Jerom *, was.a Levite sc > as you go from Lieuiheropolis to Nicopolis or 1 mais, 10 miles.to the eat; according to rees that grew on it; aad went down to Beth emefo, there were deveral cities of this name in the tribe of Benjamin, and in his day was fhev 5 -AcROnginis ie aa chard *, it was five miles from Kirjathjearim to the fouth; and: Bunting » places it four miles from

Jerusalem weltward, taking it for a city in the tribe pafjed on to Timnab; which, in Ferom’s time, wasa large village on. the. borders of Lydda, as you go to Ferufalem, inthe tribe of Judah or Dan* 5.1t is placed in the-tribe of Judah, ¥..57. tho’ thought to be afterwards given to Dau; here Judah theared his fheep, Gen. xxxviii,, 12. fee the note there. v.11. And the border went out unto, the fide of Ekron northward, &c.]. Which was. one. of. the principalities of the Peilifines; and which, though it fell to the lot of fadah, ¥. 45. was not poffefied by them: and the border was drawn to, Shicron, and paffed along to mount Baalah; of which places we have no account elfewhere: and went unto Fabneel 5 which Ma/ius makes no doubt was one of the Famnia’s, and particularly that which was a fea-port; which Strabo fays.*, was diftant. from Azotus and Afcalon, about 200 furlongs, or 25 miles: and the goings out of the border were atthe fea; the Mediterranean fea here the northern border ended,. ¥.12. dnd the weft border was to the great fea, and the coaft thereof, &c.] The weftern border of the tribe of Fudab went along by the Mediterranean fea, which lay weft to the land of Canaan; and this border reached from Fabnee! to the river of Egypt, where the fouthern border ended, ¥. 4. this is the coaft of the children of Fudah round about according to their. families,.but being too large, fome. part of it.was afterwards given to Simeon, and fome. particular cities, of it were given to Dan and Benjamin: it;was bounded on the weft by the tribes of Simeon and Dan towards the Mediterranean {ea, and by the tribe of Benjamin on the north, and by the wildernefs of Para on the fouth, and by the dead fea,and Jordan onjthejealt,. 4 ¥. 13. and unto Caleb the. fon, of. fephunneh be gave @ part among the children of Judah, &c.| That is, Jofoua gave it tohim.. This accounts inferted before the cities in the lot of the tribe of Fudab ed from them, and which -had been given,to Caled previous tothe lot: according to the commandment of the Lord to Fofbua; for. as he had declared this to Mofes, Deui.i. 36. fo.it feems he,alfo; gave the fame order to, Fa/bua, who, it is not improbable, might confult the Lord about it when, Caleb made his requeft, ch. xiv. 12. even the city, of Arba the father of Anak, which city is Hebron, fee the note on ch. xiv. 15, Somap chy 5 figs abbas aE ¥.14.. And Caleb drove, thence the three fous. of Anak, &c-} Some think this was after, the deat!

of, Fofoua, and is here. inferted by fome other perfon divinely infpired, and, thoroughly acquainted with this fact, thatthe gift and te pon this place might appear in one view; but it rather feems to be done. before: She/bai, and Abiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak; the very fame giat Caleb faw at Hebron, when he was fent a fpy i

Ch.xv.¥.15—20, FOSHAU A. 221 the land, Numb. xiii. 22. for thefe may as well be fuppofed to have lived to this time as himfelf, unleis it can be thought that they were the fons of thofe men called by their fathers names; and tho’ they were driven out when Fofoua took Hebron, -yet while he was engaged in making other conquefts, or however betore he died, they regained the pofleffion of that city, and of the parts adjacent toit, from whence Caleb, with the help of his tribe, expelled them, conquered and flew them, &c.] To her hufband, being conduéted from her father’s houfe to his, in order to confummaté the marriage, juft as we may fuppofe when fhe was got to her hufband’s houfe, before fhe lighted off the beaft on which fhe rode: that foe moved - him to afk of ber father a fields or perfuaded him to make fuch a requeft to him, or that he would give her leave to make it; that is, Ach/ah put Oshniel her efpoufed hufband upon it, to entreat her father Ca/eb, or fuffer her to ufe her intereft

Fudg. i. 10. yA., |with him to obtain a field of bim, over and y. 15. And he went up from thence to the inbabitants of Debir, &c.] Having conquered Hebron, and got poffeflion of that, Caled marched to Debir, a city not many miles from He-|fhe fell bron, and feems to: have been in the country, and part of the land, which was given him; of which fee the note on ch. x. 38. and the name of Debdir before was Kirjath-fepber, or the city of books; either a place of literature, a fort of an academy, or where was a public library; the Zargum calls it Kirjath-arche, or the city of the archives, in which were laid up the public records of the Canaanites; the fame is called Kirjath-/annah for the like reafon, ¥. 49. fee the note there. y¥. 16. And Caleb faid, he that fmiteth Kirjathfepher, and taketh it, &c.| Which he ordered to be proclaimed through the army that was under his caémmand; and which was done not fo much| ‘on the account of the difficulty of taking the place, through the number of the inhabitants of it, and its fortifications, which it feems had fallen again into the hands of the Canaanites, fince it was taken by Yofoua, nor through inactivity, diffidence and zimoroufnefs in himfelf; but that others, who were officers, and men of valour under him, might gather fome Jaurels as well as himfelf; and chiefly being under a divine impulfe, he ordered this declaration to be made, whereby his brother Orhmiel, who was to be a judge in J/rael, might appear a great man, and fit for fuch an office; and as an encouragement, he promifes as follows: #0 bim will I give Achfab my daughter to wife; and to be married into the family of the chief prince of the tribe of Fudah, was a very great honour, as well as no doubt a very large dowry might be expected, and was given with her, and very probably the city of Dedir was promifed that fhould be taken. This Ach/ab feems to be a daughter of Caleb by a concubine, 1 Chron. ii. 48, 49.

¥. 18. And it came to pafs as foe came unto him, above, and fomething better than what he had al+ ready given: and fhe lighted off her afs; the leaped off, or threw herfelf from it; or bowing herfelf, off on her feet, as Yarchi interprets ir; and in an humble manner: made her obeifance to her father; though De Diew, from the ufe of the word in the Ethiopic language gives, a different fenfe, as if fhe continued on her afs, and did not alight, waiting the fuccefs of her hufband’s requeft; or that her father, taking notice of this, might afk the reafon of it, which would give her an opportunity of afking the favour of him, which fhe judged was a proper time of doing it; and there are fome verfions which feem to countenance this fenfe; the Septuagint verfion is, “* fhe cried from off the afs;? and the Vulgate Latin verfion, ‘* fhe fighed as fhe fat upon the afs:” and Caleb aid unto ber, what wouldeft thou? what wouldeft thou have? what is thy requeft? for he perceived by the pofture fhe put herfelf in, that fhe had {omething to fay to him.

y¥.19. Who anfwered, giue me a blefing, &c.] By which fhe meant not a paternal benediction, or that he would with and pray for a bleffing on her; nor food, or a maintenance, as Farchi, that her hufband would provide for her; but rather an inheritance or poffeffion, as the Targum, or a gift, as Abendana, a prefent, or fomething over and above what he had already given her; or an addition to her portion, as Kimchi: the word is fometimes ufed for a fifh-pool, as well as a bleffing, and fo glances at what fhe had in view, pools of water, or a well-watered land: for thou haf? given me a /outh land; a dry land, as the Fewi/h writers * generally interpret this word, otherwife all the land belonging ‘to the tribe of Fudah was fouth land, and: Caleb could give her no other; but Dedir, as Hebron was, was in the hill-country, was mountainous, and fo dry, and wanted watering: give me alfa Jprings of water fhe means land in which there were {prings of water; for unlefs fhe was under-|pofiefled of the land in which they were, fhe would have no command of the fprings, and fo have little or no ufe of them: and he gave her the upper prings, and the nether [prings; fuch as were in the higher grounds, and fuch as were in the lower ones, that fhe might have a fufficiency to water all her lands and fields; or as fhe moved her hufband to but not to afk a field, and he put her on doing the fame, Ca/eb gave her a field, in the upper part of which were {prings, and alfo in the lower part; though he feems to have given more than fhe requefted.

y. 17. And Othniel the fon of Kenaz, the brother of Caleb, took it, 8cc.] The relation of Orbaiel to Caleb is a little intricate, and, as it is {tcod, occafions objections to the marriage of Ca- /eb’s daughter to him; it feems at firft fight, that he was Caleb’s own brother, a younger brother, | and fo uncle to his daughter, and fuch marriages were forbidden, Lev. xviii. 14. ‘Yarcbi thinks he was the brother of Ca/eb by his mother’s fide; Kimchi, both by father and mother’s fide; obferve, that befides the word Jrother fometimes fignifies only a kinfman, or near relation, and not precifely a brother; it is not Orbniel that is called the brother of Caleb, but Kenaz, who was the father of Orbniel, fo that Caleb was Othniel’s uncle, and Ach{ab and Otbniel were brother’s children, or own coufins, between whom marriage was allowed of: and he gave him Achfab his daughter to wife according to the tenor of his proclamation, and the promife he made. and the taking of Dedir by Orhnie

¥.20. This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Fudab, according to their families.) The general defcription of which is given in the preceding part of the chapter, as the particular cities belonging to it are enumerated in the following part 5 the account. of the gift of Hebron to Caleb,, with the requeft of Ach/ah, and the grant of it, are inferted

222 FOSHU A. Chixv. ¥.21—37. between them, and ftand as it were in a parenthefisyi! sl ’ ge Si, Beth-palet.|. 21. And the uttermoft cities of the tribe of the children of Judah, &c.] That is, thofe cities which were the outward part of the tribe of Fudab, the fouthern border of it; for the midland cities are not in this part of the defcription reckoned,. which reaches from hence to the end of ¥. 32: toward the coaft of Edom fouthward; it begins about the dead fea, and goes on in that. part of the land. Canaan which bordered on IJdumea, and.fo proceeds on weltward towards Gaza, and the Mediterranean fea: the cities. in this part of the tribe were Kabzeel, called Fekabzeel, Neb. xi. 25. and was the native place. of Benaiah, one of David’s mighty men; 2 Sam. xxiii. 20: and Eder and Fa-| gur; of which, we have no mention elfewhere.

¥. 22. And Kinah, and Dimonab,. and Adadab.\ The firft of thefe we read of no where elfe; the fecond is thought to be the fame with Dibon, Neb. xi. 25. and ‘ferom» obferves, that a place elfewhere was indifferently called in his time Drdon.and Dimon; and the laft of thefe is no where met The firft of thefe, it is probable, is the fame, Ferom.® calls Gadda in the tribe of Fudab, which was. in his day’a village in the extreme borders of Doroma to the eaft, hanging over the dead fea; He/bmon is met with no where elfe; Bethpa/et is in Neh, xi. 26. where it is called Bethpbelet. 7 tei:

y¥. 28. And Hazar-fbual,. and Beer-fbeba, and of Bizjoth-jah;| The firft of thefe feems to have its name from an haunt of foxes here, and was given to the tribe of Simeon, ch. xix. 3. and is mentioned as here.with Beerfoeba, 1 Chron, iv. 28. Neb. xi. 27. which was a city well known in the extreme border of the land of Canaan fouthward; hence the phrafe from Dan to Beer-/heba, of which Ferom fays, ® Berfabee in the tribe of “fudab or Simeon, is at this day a large village, 20 miles.from Hebron to the fouth, in which. there is a Roman garrifon; and from hence the borders of the land of Fudee begin, and go on,to Dam, which is by Paneas; of the latter city no. mention is made elfewhere.

with. i and Azem were given to the tribe of Simeon, ch.

¥. 23. And Kedefoy and. Hazor, and Ithnan.] The firft of thefe feems to be Kade/h-barnea, which was to the fouth of the land, and on the borders of Edom, from whence the fpies were fent,; and Hazor is another city from that which is ch, xi. 1. and was in the tribe of Naphial; and Ithnan, which Ferom * calls Fedna, was, according to him, fix miles from Eleutheropolis, as you goto Hebron, the Greek verfion joins this and the former city together, and makes them one.

¥.24. Ziph, and Telem, and Bealoth.] | Ziph was of the tribe of Fudah in the fouth, on the borders of Eleutheropolis, as Ferom fays 4, and was eight miles from Hebron to the eaft; and in his xix. 3. for Baalah is the fame with Balad there, as it is with Bi/ba, 1 Chron. iv. 29. though according tothe Feru/alem Talmud ' it is the fame with Bealab, given to the tribe of Daz. ch. xix. 44. aga was mentioned jone of thofe places whofe houles were in fudab and their fields in Dan; and Azem is the fame with Hzem there; of Jim we read no where elfe.

y. 30. And Eltolad, and Chefil, and Hormah;\ The firft of thefe is called Tolad, t Chron. iv. 29. and the next feems to be the fame with Bethul_ and Bethuel, ch. xix. 4. 1 Chron. iy. 30. and here the Greek verfion calls it Baithel; and Hormabis the {ame with Zephath, Fudg. i. 17. all thefe three cities were given to the tribe of Simeon, ch. xix.

time a village was fhewn, where David was hid; but that Ziph feems to be in another part of this tribe near Carmel, and from whence a wildernefs had its name; fee ¥. 55. 1 Sam. xxiii. 14. and Yelem is fuppofed to be the fame with Telaim, 1 Sam. xv. 4. of Bealoth we read no where elfe.

¥. 25. And Hazor, Hadattab, and Kerioth, and Hezron, which is Hazor.] According to the Targum, two cities only are here meant, which reads, and Hazor-hadattah, and Kerioth-hezron, which is Hazor; and this reading feems to be right; there were three Hazors in this tribe, one in ¥. 23. and two more here, which are diftinguifhed, the firft is called Hazor-hadattah, or new Hazor; of which Ferom fayse, there is a village at this day called Afor, in the borders of Afcalon, to the eaft of it, which fell to the Jot of the tribe of Fudah: the {cripture makes mention of it, calling it new A or, to diftinguifh it from the old; and Kerioth bezron, is the fame with Hezron, ¥. 3. and had alfo the name of Hezron. From this place, Judas I/cariot is thought to have his name, being [h-ceriot, a man of Keriot. ou yv. 26. Amam, and Shema, and Moladab, &c.) Of Amam we read no where elfe. Shema is thought

¥. 31. And Ziglag, and Madmannah, and Sanannab;| Ziglag was alfo given to the tribe of Simeon, ch. xix. §. it was in the hands of the king of Gath, in the times of David, who gave it to him; it bordered on the Amalerites, and is placed by Ferom * in Daroma, on the fouth of the lot of Judab or Simeon, Madmanneh. according to the fame writer ' was in his time called Menois, a town near the city Gaza; of Sanfannab no mention is made elfewhere.

¥. 32. And Lebaoth, and Shilbim, and Ain, and Rimmon, &c.] Whether Lebaot is the fame with Beth-lebaoth, given to the tribe of Simeon, ch. xix. 6. is not certain; Shibim is nowhere elfe poken of. Ain feems to be the fame with that in Numb. xxxiv. 11. fee the note there; and Rimmon the place ‘Ferom ™ calls Eremmon, which he fays was a large village of the Yews, 16 miles from Eleutheropolis to the fouth, in Daroma,; this and the preceding are joined together as one, and called Exrimmon, Neb, xi. 29. It is probable they were near to each other, and in procefs of time the buildings of each might: increafe, fo as to meet and join each other: a// the cities are 29, with their by fome to be fame with Sheba, though wrongly, given afterwards to the tribe of Simeon, as was Moladab, mentioned with it, ch. xix, 2. fpoken of in 1 Chron. iv. 28. Neb. xi. 25. and feems to be the fame with Ma/athi or Malatis, about 20 miles from Hebron §, tribe of Simeon, ch. vil/ages; but according to our verfion, and as we alfojpoint them, they are 38; fome make them 36, itis alfojothers 37; the ews generally make 38 of them, as we do, and account for the difference of number thus; that g of thefe cities were given to the xix. and thefe being taken

Ch.xv.¥.33—41) (OS HU Zz 22 out of the 38, there remain'29; fo Farchi and Kimchi account for it; but as the number of the cities is uncertain, and this account is: given before the feparation of the 9, and they are all reckoned together, this does not feem to be fatisfactory;. rather, as Abarbinel obferves, the 29 of the places enumerated were cities, andthe other were villages, unwalled towns, or not of fo much note as the the Saara of Yerom, which he defctibes ds a village on the borders of.Eleutheropolis, to the north as you go to Nicopolis, (or Emmaus) about 10 miles from it in thetribe of Danor fudah°; there was a place called Beth-Shaaraim, where the Sanhedrim fometimes fat?., and where R. Fudab was buried?. This feems to be the fame with Shaaraim in x Sam. xvii. 52. and Ferom obferves', under the word Adithaim, that there is a village called Adia, near Gaza, and another Aditha, near Diofpolis, (or Lydda) to the eaft, which feems to be the place here meant. Gederah feems to be the fame he calls Gaddera, in the tribe of Fudab*, now, he fays, called a village belonging to the country of 4élia, (or Ferufalem) by the name of Gadera, about the turpentine tree. Of Gederothaim we no where elferead; Kimchi thinks Gederah and Gederothaim were one city:.14 cities with toeir villages; but upon counting them, it will appear there are 15, which may be reduced to 14, if with Kimchi we take the two laft to be but one, who in this way reconciles it; or with Farchi make Tappuab and Enam to be one alfo, called En-tappuah, which is the way he takes to folve the difficulty; but perhaps the cafe is this, that one. of the places in the ay 33. And im the valley, &c.] From hence to the end of ¥. 47. are enumerated the feveral cities belonging to the tribe of Fudab which lay in the valley. ‘Ferom‘fays, that now all the plain and champaign country near Elewtheropolis, which verges to the north and weft, is called Sepbela, or the valley: Ejhtaol, Zoreah, and Afbnab, the two firft of thefe feem to be given afterwards to the tribe of Dan, ch. xix. 41. between thefe two places Samfon was born and buried, Fudg. xiii. 2, 25. and xvi. 31. they were both at the fame diftance from Eleutheropolis, according to Ferem; of Efbtaol he fays ®, it is fhewed to this day 10 miles from E eu- theropolis, to the north, as you go to Nicopolis or Emmaus, and of Zoreah, which he calls Saara, he fays "itis a village on the borders of Eleutheropolis, as you go to Nicopolis, about 10 miles of it in the tribe of Dan or Fudah; asfor Afhnab no mention is made of it elfewhere; there was another place of the fame name, but different from account was not acity, but a village.

¥. 37. Zenan, and Hadafhab, and: Migdal-gad;| Here begins another lift or catalogue of the cities in the valley or plain. Zewan perhaps is the fame this, ¥. 43. with Zaanan, Mic.i. 11. and Hadafhah was fo fmalk

¥. 34. And Zanoah and En-gannim, and Tappuab, ja and Enam; the firft of thefe Ferom fays ‘is in the borders of Eleutheropolis, as you go to Alia, (or Ferufalem), there is at this day a village called Zanua,; and. En-gannim, which fignifies a fountain of gardens, is now (according to the fame writer *) a village near Bethel. Tappuab was a royal city, of which fee ch. xii. 17. Enaim in the tribe of Fudah, Ferom fays'in his day was the village Bethenim, about the turpentine-tree, or oak of Mamre; but that feems to be the fame with 4a,

¥. 32. of which he fays the fame under that word, and makes it to be two miles from the oak, and four from Hebron. Majfius thinks it is the fame with Exam, near to Timnath, of which fee the hote on Gew. xxxviii. 14. it following Zappuah one would be tempted to think with Farchi it was the fame with En-Tappuab, but that that was on the borders of Manajffeb, ch. xvii. 7. it hasan fJ prefixed to it, and may be read that Enam, as pointing out fome known and remarkable place, city in Ffudea in the times of the Mi/nic doctors, that they fay‘ it had but fifty dwellings in it; and 'ferom {peaks “of a place called Ada/a, in the tribe of Fudah, in his times a village near Guphna; it fhould be Zapbna. Of Migdal-gad we no where elfe read; fome think it had its name from fome famous exploit done here by one of the tribe of Gad, who came over with Yo/bua to aflift in the war, as the ftone of Bohan the Reubenite, y. 6.

¥.38. And Dilean, and Mixpeh, and Foktheel;} Of the firft and laft of thefe nothing is to be faid; Mézpeb, of which name there were cities in other tribes; this in the tribe of Fudah was in the times lof Ferom™ called Mapba, on the borders of Eleu+ ¢heropolis to the fouth, as you go to Alia, or Ferufalem.

¥. 39. Lachifh, and Boxkath, and Eglon;| Lachifh and Eglon were royal cities, of which fee ch. x. 3. the other city is called Bofcath, of which place was the mother of king Fofab, 2 Kings xxi. 1. fome take it to be the fame with Ba/cana,

¥. 35. Farmuth, and Adullam, Sochoh, and Aze- y. kab 3} The two firft of thefe were royal cities, which fee ch. x. 3. and xii. 15. ‘Ferom{ays™ there were two little villages in his day of the name of ocho, as you go to Alia, (or Ferufalem) from Hleutheropolis, in the ninth mile on the public way, one in the mountain, and the other in the plain, (the fame with this) both of which were called Socoth: of this place was Antigonus, prefident of the JSankedrim, and fucceffor of Simeon the juft, called in the Mifnab® aman of Socho;

y. 36. And Sharaim, and Adithaim, and Gederab, and Gederothaim, 8c.| Sharaim feems to be 40. And Cabbon, and Lahmam, dnd Kithlifh 3} of Cities of which we can give noaccount, not being, mentioned elfewhere.

¥.41. And Gederoth, Betb-dagon, and Naamab, and Makkedab, &c.] Gederoth is reckoned among the cities of the low country, and fouth of Fudab, 2 Chron. xxviii. 18. Beth-dagon, in it very probably was a temple of Dagon, which was a principal deity of the Philiftines, 1 Sam, Vv. 2. Ferom {ays * in his time was fhewn a large village called of Azekab, fee Capher-Dagon, between Diofpolis and Famnia; of Naamah, the fame writer fays nothing only that it was acity of the tribe of Fudab; of Makkedab, 10, it was aroyal city, ch. xii, 16. /ixteen cities with their villages; and is the exact number of them, as before enumerated, the note on ch. x. 10. _ It appears to be near to Soshoh from 1 Sam. xvii. 1. where the Philiftines are {aid to pitch their camp between them. fee ch. X:

tween Eleutheropolis and Afcalon in the tribeof Fu-, dab; fee Mic.i. 11. ‘fattir the fame writer ¢ s Fether, in the tribe of ‘Fudah; and fays* there was in his time a very large village called Fethira, 20. miles from Eleutheropolis, the inhabitants of which. were then all Chriffians: it was fituated in interior Daroma, near Malatha, and Sochoh is different. from Sochob in yr. 35. that was in the plain, this in. the mountain; fee thenotethere.)

xy. 49. And Dannab and Kirjath-fannab, which is Debir,] Dannab is not mentioned elfewhere, and Kirjath-fannab had three names, this and Dedir, and Kirjath-fepher, ¥. 15. fee the note there; all which are of much the fame fignification; for Sanna with, the Arabs *, and fo with the Phenicians, fignifies law, doétrine, and manner of life; and with the Mahometans the fecondary law to the Koran, and anfwers to the Fewi/o Mifuah, and the Greek verfion interprets this. name the city of letters. Fe- ‘rom ® calls it Daenna, and feems to confound it with Dannab.

y. 50. AndjAnab and Afotemoth and Amm;} Of Anab fee the note on ch. xi. 21. A/btemoth is what Ferom calls » Aftemech, a village in the tribe of Fudab, and belongs tothe Fews in Daroma, and is to the north of a place called Azem, perhaps the fame with Azim here, which he fays is the village duea, near another of thefame name; which he places to the fouth of Hebron, as he does this tothe eaft, the and now called Zz); fee the note on Mic. 1. 14. inhabitants of which in his time were all Chrif- Of Marefbah Ferom fays*, only the ruins of it}ans. were to be feen two miles from Eleutheropolis: nine cities with their villages; which is juft their numyw. 51. And Gofben, and Holon, and Gilob, 8c.) Of Gahen in the land of Canaan, fee the note on ber. ch. x. 41. of Holon there is no other mention;

¥. 45. Ekron, with ber towns and ber villages; One of the five principalities of the which with two more next mentioned, though they fell to the lot of the tribe of ¥udah, were never pofleffed by them; for which reafon perhaps Gath, and Afcalon are not mentioned, and thefe are put for the reft; fee ch. xiii. 3.

¥.47. Afhdod with ber towns aud ber villages, Gaza with ber towns and her villages, &c.| Gaza was another of the principalities of the Pdilifines, of which fee the notes on Amos i. 7. Zepb.ii. 4. Aéls viii. 26. thefe with the two other’ principalities not mentioned, Gath and Afcalon, were in the “weftern border of the tribe of fudab, which reached from Ekron the firft that is mentioned, wuto the river of Egypt; of which fee y. 4. and the great fea, and the border thereof, the Mediterranean fea, called fo in comparifon of the leffer feas in Fudea, the falt’ fea, and the fea of Tiberias; was its fhore, and the cities upon it, and not the,Gilob was the city of Abitophel, 2 Sam. xv. 12. ele- Pdilijfines, ven cities with their villages; the number agrees; this is the firft divifion of cities in the mountains; a fecond follows. 1. 52. Arab, and Dumah, and Efbean;| Arab is the fame JFerom' calls Ered, and was in his time a village in the fouth, and was called Heromith; and Duma, Ferom fays“, was a large village in the fouth, allo on the borders of Hleutheropolis. this is feventeen miles from it; of E/bean we have no account. i yt. 46. From Ekron even unto the fea, &c.] The Mediterranean fea, or the weft, as the Targum: all that lay near Afodod, with their villages; the Azotus of the new teftament, another of the principalities of the Phili/tines, of which and Ekron fee the notes on Amos i. 8. and Zeph. ii. 4. kab;

y. 53. And Fanuim, and Beth tappuab, and Aphe- Under the word Fanum, Ferom writes!

there is a village called fanua, three miles from Legion to the fouth, but feems not to be what is written; Beth-tappuch is by him called Bethapbu» and faid to be a village in the tribe of Fudab 14 miles beyond Raphia, as you go to Egypi, which is the border of Pa/z/tine; and he fpeaks * of a large caftle in his time called Apheca, near the town OF Paleftine; there were feveral places of the name of Apbek, fee the notes on ch. xii, 18. and xiii. 4. As for Beth-tappuab, it feems to be a place which was dedicated toa deity to which apples were fawhofe borderjcred, in memory of the apple by which mankind was feduced; there was in after-times a goddeis ifles in the fea, as Farchi. called Pomona from hence. ane ee y. 48. Aud in the mountains, &c.] The hill-) ¥. 54. And Humtab, and Kirjath-Arbas which is country of Fudea, as it is called Luke i. 39, 65.|Hebron and Zior, &c.] Of Humtah we no. where in which were the following cities: Shamir and Fat-\elfe read, of Kirjath-drba frequently; fee the note tir, and Sochoh; the Alexandrian copy of the Greek'on ch. xiv. 15. Ferom fays®, that in his time verfion reads Sophir asthe name of the firft of thefe ‘there was a village fhewn by the namevof Sibor, becities; and Ferom fays*, there was a village of tween Alia (or Ferufalem) and Eleutheropolis, in this name in the mountainous parts, fituated be- the tribe of Fudah: 9 cities with their villages,

¥.42. Lebnah, and Ether; and Afoan;| Here begins another divifion or lift of the cities of Yudab, in the valley or plain. Lebaab is the fame with Lidnab, a royal city; fee ch. x. 29. and Xil. 15. Ether was given to the tribe of Simeon, ch. xix. 7. and under Erber of the lot of Simeon.. ferom writes ¥, there is now a very large village called Fethira, in interior Daroma, near Malatha, 20 miles from Eleutheropolis. Afban alfo was given to the tribe of Simeon, ch. xix. 7. and the above writer relates*, that there was in his times a village called Beth-Afan, belonging to #/ia, or Ferufalem, 15 miles from it. par

¥. 43. And Fipbta; and Afbnab, and Nezib;) ¥ipbta is no where elfe mentioned there was another “4hnah of this tribe, and which was in the vale alfo, mét with already in y. 33. Nezib was in Ferom’s* times called Nafib, 7 miles from Eléutheropolis, as ‘you go to Hebron. x6

¥. 44, And Keilah, and Achzib, and Marefbab, 8ec.] The firft of thefe isa well known city, which David fayed from the hands of the Phili/tines, 1 Sam. xxiii. 1, &c. In Ferom’s time, it was a little village to the eaft of Eleutheropolis, about 8 miles from it, as you go to Hebron; in which was fhewn the fepulchre of the prophet Habakkuk °. Achzib is {aid to be onthe borders of Aber, ch. xix. 29. is fuppofed the fame with Cezsb, Gen. XXXViii. 5. andthe Ecdippa of Fofephus and others, which is exaétly their number, as expreffed; here; ends the fecond divifion, or lift of the cities in the hill-country of Judea; athird follows. ¢ _ ¥.55. Maon, Carmel, and Ziph, and Futtah;) Maon was the dwelling-place ot Nabal the Carmelite, whofe pofleffions were in Carmel, and were not far from one another, 1 Sam. xxv. 2. It gave name toa wildernefs near where David hid himielf from Saul, 1 Sam. xxiii. 25. Ferom” places it to the ealt of Daroma, who alfo informs % us, that there was in his time a village that went by the name of Carmelia, 10 miles from Hebron towards the eaft, and where was a Roman garrifon. Ziph, according to the fame writer’, was eight miles from Hebron to the eaft; and there was a village fhewn in his time where David was hid; this gave name to a wildernefs alfo, 1 Sam. xxii. 14. Futtah, which Ferom calls * Jehan, was in his time a large village of the Jews, eighteen miles from Eleutheropolis, to the fouthern part in Daroma. Reland« conjectures, that this was the native place of Fobn the Baptif; and that inftead of a city of villages, thefe were all in the mountainous part of Judea, as were the two following. e _ ¥. 60. Kirjath-Baal, (which is, Kirjath jearim) and Rabbab, 8c.| Of Kirjath-Baal, and its feveral names, fee the note ony. 9. of Rabbah we no where elfe read; for this is a very different city from the Rabbab of the children of Ammon, 2 Sam. xii. 26. two cities with their villages; why thefe are reckoned by themfelves, is not certain.

¥. 61. In the wildernefs, &c.] The wildernefs of Fudea, which was not a defert and uninhabited place, but had many cities and villages in it; particularly thofe that follow: Betbh-arabab, Middin, and Secacab; the firft of thefe feems to be in the borders of Fudab and Benjamin, and fo is afcribed to both; fee ¥. 6. andch. xviii.22.. Of-the two laft we read no where elfe, only in Fudg. v. 10. what we tranflate ye that fit in judgment, Kimchi interprets, ye that dwell by Middin, and {ays it is the name of a place in fo/bua, and mentions this paffage..

¥.62. And Nibfoan, and the city of Salt, and En+

Fudab, it fhould be read the city Futa, Luke i. gedt, &c.] Of Nibfhan no mention is made elfe- tee 56. And Fezreel, and Fokdeam, and Zanoab;} This ‘Yezree/in the tribe of Fudab is different from that which was once a royal feat of fome of the kings of J/rae/, and from whence the famous valley of Fezreel or Efdraelon had its name: of this we have no otlter account elfewhere, nor of Fok. deam; and this Zanoab is a diftinét place from the city of the fame namein the valley, ¥. 34.

¥. 57. Cain, Gibeah, and Timnab, &c.] Cain, or Hakain, that Cain, weno where elfe read of; whether the name was given it by the old Canaan- - ites, in memory of Cain, the fon of Adam, is not certain: there were other places that went by the name of Gibeah; there was a Gibeah in Benjamin, and another in the fame tribe called Gibeah of Saul, to diftinguifh it from that; but this was in the tribe of Judah. Mafius conjectures it is the fame with that in ¢ Sam. xxiii. 19. which was near Ziph, and not amifs. Jerom+ makes mention of Ga baba and Gabatha, little villages to the ealt of Dayoma; and of another Gabatha, near Bethlebem, in the tribe of Fudah; but whether either of thefe are meant, it is doubtful; of Timah, fee the note on ¥. 10. ten cities with their villages; the number agrees with the names of them.

y¥. 58. Halbul, Beth-zur, and Gedor;| Here begins a fourth divifion, or lift, of the cities in the mountains. Halbul Ferom calls Ebul, and fays”, there ‘was in his time in the country belonging to lia, (or Ferufalem) a village by the name of Abula, near Hebron,; and Beth-zur, he fays*., was then called Beth feron, a village as you go from lia to Hebron, in the 2oth mile, near which was a fountain at the bottom of a mount, where it is faid the eunuch was baptized by Philip: he makes mention of another village called Beth/ur in the tribe of Fudab, a mile from Eleutheropolis. In 2 Maccad. xi. 5. it is faid to be but five furlongs from Feru/alem, but it muft have been ata greater diftance; of Gedor, fee the note on ch. Xii. 13.

y. 59. And Maarath, ‘and Beth-anoth, and EItekon, 8cc.] Of thefe cities we have no account eliewhere; only mention is made of Eltekeh, in the tribe of Dan, ch. xix. 44. fix cities with their where; fome take ¢he city of Salt to be Zoar, fo called. becaufe near the falt fea, or where Lot’s wife was turned into’ a pillar of falt, Gen. xix. 22, 26. but rather this city might be fo called, becaufe falt was made here. ngedi or Engaddi is a wellknown place, near the falt-fea; fee Ezek. xlvii. 10. and the note there. ‘erom faysy, there was a very large village of Fews in his time'called En+ gaddi, near the dead fea, from whence comes the opobalfam; the fame place is called Hazazon-Tamar, from the palm-trees which grew there, 2 Chron: Xx. 2. It was famous for vineyards alfo, Cant. i. 14. it lay, according to Fofephus*, 300 furlongs from Ferufalen: fix cities with their villages; the fum total agrees with the particulars.;

¥. 63. As for the Febufites, the inbabitants of Ferufalem, &c.| From whom the city was called Jebus, Fudg. xix. 10. The Jews fay, that thefe Febufites were not thofe of the feven nations; but there was a man whofe name was Jebus, and he was of the Pbiliftines, of the feed of Abimelech, and the place was called by his name Febus; and the men of that family that dwelt at Feru/alem, their names were called Febu/ites, having their defcent from him; fo Araunah, the Febufite, was king of that place; and the fort of that place was Zion, which was at Yerufalem: fo Kimchi relates from their Radbbins, and with whom Farchi agrees, but without any foundation; there is no doubt to be made of it, that thefe Febufites were Canaanites: the children of Fudah could not drive them out; according to the above Fewi/h writers they could have done it, but it was not fit and proper they fhould, becaufe of the oath of Abraham to Adimelech, from whom they fuppofe thefe Febufites prung:

but the cafe was this; though o/buda flew the king of this place, and took his land with the reft, ch. x. I, 23, 26, 42. and though the men of fudab retook it after his death, it having been got intothe hands of the Febufites again, Fudg. i. 8. yet either thé fort of Zion was never taken by either of them, or if taken, the Yebufites got pofleflion of it again, and held it until the times of David, fee 2 Sam. v. 6-—g.. but the Febufites dwelt with the children of Fudah at Ferufalem unto this day ¥ the one in the fort of Zion, and the other in the city of Ferufalem, rufalem, properly focalled, and thus they continued unto the writing of this book; by which it fhould feem, that the ebufites were not difpoffefled of times of David: and from the whole it appears, that the city of Yerufalem, at leaft a part of it, be~ longed to the tribe of Yudab, as another part did their fort, or a part of thecity by Fobua, or thisjto that of Benjamin, to which it is afcribed, ch, cans might be added and inferted by fome infpired man xviii. 28. fee Fudg. i. 21.

afterwards; or however it muft be done before the

“Lithas chapter gives us an account of the lot of the children of Fofeph, Ephraim, and the half tribe of Manafféb, one half having fettled on the other fide Fordan; and firft the borders of the whole lot in general are given, ¥. 14. and then the borders of the tribe of Ephraim in particular, ¥. 4—8. andit is obferved, that this tribe had befides feparate cities among the children of Manajfeb, and that there were fome Canaanites, particularly in Gezer, not driven out by the Epbraimites, ¥. 9, 10.

¥. t. And the lot of the children of Fofeph fell, &c.] Or, went out *; of the pot or urn, this being the next lot that was drawn to that of Fudah, the government being 7adab’s, and the birthright