Saturda_v, April
Examp. 1. Kf quired the Pareshah or Pareshioth appointed to be read in the synagogue on the second sabbath of the mondi Sivan, A..M. 5572. — In Table L the index for tlie year is 5dl; from which it appears, by Table II. that it is the second Jewish connnon year; and the second sabbath of Sivan, in this year, is upon the 1 2th day of the month, overagainst which, in the column of Pareshioth, is 35, the number of the Pareshah required. By a reference to the list of Pareshioth given at the end of the Commentary, on the last chapter of Di uteronomy, we find that this section of the Law, commences widi Num. iv. 21, and ends at vii. 89. of the same book. The JIaphloruh read on this sabbadi, appears by the same list, to be the xiiiih chapter of Judges from the 2d to the 2ith verse: in Table V. the 12th of Sivan, A. M. 5572 is the same with the 23il of.^Iay, 1 812.
Eiamp. 2. Required the Pareshah or Pareshioth appointed to be read on the fourth of Tamnmz, A. M. 5584. — In T.aBI.K I. the index for the year is 7D3; which index corresponds to the fiilli embolismic year in Table II. consequently the /oKr//i sabbath of Tamnmz, falls on the 28th of the month; and the Pareshioth for the given day are the 42d and 43d. The former commences at the second verse of the xxxth clia])ter of Numbers, and the latter is continued from
Explanation of the preceding Tuikx.
V\'li(ii, 111 till' coliiinn of I'areshiotli and ILiphliiiolIt in T.VBLCS II. and V. lIic word Cliippur, u affixed to any ])-.iiti( iilar s;ilil>alli, it |ioinls it out to be the yitat d.iy of A TONK.MI-.N T, (or which a particular nervier \* ap|ioiiiled. 'I'lic poilion of the Law read on that day, bef;iiH with the 27tli verse of the xxiii. clmpttr of Lnitkui; auii cnd» with llie cliapicr. 'llic Jldjihlor/ih for this day is the bni/k of lite prophet Jonah.
\\ lieu the word Smrol/i, is alVixed to any parlicular Nabbath, if it be the 15lh of Tiiii, it is the <lay n[Kin winch the feawt of 'J'tibiinuclis eoinincnccs; the poilion of the Law for which occasion, begins at the 3 Mh vernc of llie xxijid ciiapler of Livilicus. The JtiipltiDiali is the xivth chapter of tiie pvoplitt Zccliariali; but on the sabbath which folloi<» the 1 jlli of 'I'isri, if it be within the octave of the haul of Tuhciiiiiclcs, the portion of the prophets which it rtad, is the xxxvnilb ciiapler of F.zikicI, accordiu;; to the dcrmun Jcv-s; but the oilier.leus read from!•,/.( k. xxxviii. IX. toxxxix. 16.
'i'lie capital letleis 15. L. whith are allixed to the fifty-fourth Section of the Law in the third column of Table V, Mand for hook of till' firtu'. This section is read on the 2'Jd ol "I'isri, which is contrived so as never to hap|M.'n on the kabbatli, as the day upon which it is read is a lime of <jieat festivity amon^ the Jews, for their having completed the readini; of the fiftyfour I'aieshiolh, which coin])rize ihe whole IJook of the Law.. The asterisk alTixed to the 'i-'nl day of Tisri, in 'iable V. and its coirespondiiif;' time in thi: Gie]^orian compulation, is designed to shew that tlii-> day happens on a week-day aud not on the saliballi, as all the other days in the same columns do.
\\ hen 1 /'«s. or 2 /'as. is allixid to any parlicular sabbath, it is the first or second sabbath of the Passover, upon which, if the 1 Jth of Nisaii be the sabbalh day, Ihe portion of the prophets rtad on the Of.ca-ion, is the vth chapter of Joshua, all but the first verse. If iheie be only one sabbalh in the fea^t of the Pass-over, the Haphtorali is the 1 4 fIr^l vcrsc« of the xxwiith chapter of F.zckiel; to which some add the ihitc followin|j. If there be lisio sabbatlis iu the feait of the Pass-over, the laiier is termed ihe octave, upon which they read the whole of the Canticles, and also ihe propltel Isaiah, from the 32d *tr»c of the xtli chajiter to the end of the xiilh.
^Vllen Vent, is alVixed to any particular sabbath, it is the second day of tlie feast of Pentecost, upon whicli occasion the iiid, ivlh, vth, and vith chapters of ihe))rophet ILibakkuk, tojjellH r «itli the book of Rntli, are read.
Ijesides the o\ sections of the Law which arc regularly read through in the course of a Jewish year, whelher it be comtnnn or cmholismic, there are four minor PAlii:sniOTIl which are generally read in the month J:iar of a common, and in Veadur of an einhotinmic year. These are [3'Vpii', Slickalim, 1131, Z:iclior, mS, Para, and tjnnn, J I'u/iodesh; and are marked down in Tabli S II. and V. by their initial letters S, Z, P, and H. The minor Paiesliah, Siii-KAUM, commences with the lltli verse of the xxxth chapter of A'jWms, and ends at the 16th verse of the fame; ZacIUjR be>;ins with the nth verse of the xxvtli chapter of Deuteronomy, and contains the Divine maltdiction upon the Ainalekites; PaRA, being with the xixth chapter of Numbers, and ends with the chapter; and Haciiooesii begins with the iOth verse of the xiitb chapter of Erodux, and ends at the 20th verse of ihe same chapter.
^\'h^.n the Jewish year commences on the sabbalh, (which eiretlmstance is noticed in the third column of TaBLE V. whenever it occurs) Lev. xxiii. 21-, and Num. xxix. 1 — 7, are read.
When the '2.5th of Cisku falls on the sabbalh, the contraction En. for Encomia Dedication, is affixed to the number of the PuresluiU in Tables II. and V. to shew that it is the day to be held in commemoration of the altar's being dedicated alVesh to the service of God, atler its purification from its pollutions by Antiochus.
Tables 111 and IV. are constructed to determine tlie day of the week upon which the principal Jewish Fasts and Feast* are held for any given year. One example will be suHkicnt to illuslrate these Tables. Jinimp. Required the dav of the week upon which the principal Jewish Fasts and Feasts happen in the Jewish Year of the World 5673. — l?y a reference to Tabi.I". I. this year corresponds to.\. D. 1813; and in TABLli III. in the same square with 1S13 is the capital letter C, which shews that the numbers in coUmiii C of Table IV. over-apainst the difTerent Fasts and Festivals, arc Ihe day-i of ihe veek required. Thus, the commenrnnent of Tisri is on the second and third days of the week; the Fast of Geilutiuh on ihe ]4th; the Fast of Atone.MKNT on the 14th; the Fea*t of Tabernacles on the 2d; llosanna Ra'>ba on the 1st; the Laliiia Lcgi.i, or Joy for the Law, on the.'5d; the commencement of J/nrcAc'^ri/ii on the od an<l 4lh; the commencement of Citlcu on the 5th; the Encirnia on the 1st; the commencement of Ttbct on the Cth; the Fast of the 10th ol Tebci on the 1st; the commencement of Sebat on the sabbath; the commencement of Adar on the 1st and 2d; the commencement of VraduT on the 3d and 4th; the Fast of E.silier on the 2d; the Feast of Puriui on the 3d; the commencement of Kimii on the 5(h; the Feast of the Pass-over on ihc 5th; the commencement of IJar on the Cth and 7th; the 33 Omir on the 3d; ihc commencement of Siviin on the 1st; the Feast of Pentecost on the 6lh; the commencement of Tammuz on the 2d and 3d; the Vast of the I7th o{ Tammuz on the.")th; the commencement of Ab, on the 4th; the Fast of the Ptli of Ab, on tlie oih; and the commencement of Elul on the Jih and olh days of the week.
Table \'I. needs little explanation; the titles of its dilVerent columns bein? sufficient for this purpose. TTic first column shews the year of the world according to the Jewish reckoning. The sicond column the year of Our Lord, the letter IJ in the same column shews each Bi.isextile or Leap-year. The 3d and 4th columns contain the Lunar cycle and Ooiden iimithcrt. 'We fifth column shews the inonlh, and day of the month on which the Jewish Pass-over fall.s from the pre-scut year ISIi? to the year li'OO. The sixth column marks the day on which Easter falls during the same period. The icrtnr'i columt*. shews the year of Our Lord corresponding with the beginning of the Jewish year in the Jint column; and aWo on what day- of what month the Jcv-ish year, accordinft to the Gregorian Calendar, commences. By the sligliteil inspection of these Tables any person may at once see the day on which the Jewish Pass-over, and the Cliristian Easter, falls for any year of the above period from 1812 to 1900.
On the subject of the preceding Tallies there ■uill be, doubtless, various opinions among llie readers of this work. Some mav even think them usdt^ss, uhile others will judge them of considerable importance. The v. riter has only to say, that no other part of the work has occasioned -so much labour and so much expense. Nothing of this nature, on the same plan, has ever before met the eye of the English reader; nor does any other languui^c aft'ord a similar subject at once so cntensive in the p/an, and so concise in the execution. Those who best understand the work will perceive, that it required no common industri/, to say nothing of other requisite qualifications, to construct such Tables, even with tlie extensive work of 3artoloccis liibliotheca R'lbbinica before him, to which the present collection of T.ibles acknowledges high obligations. The writer could not consider his comment on the Pentateuch as even tolerably complete, without such an apparatus as is here produced, which it is hoped every minister of the word of God will find of the utmost use to him, in various matters connected widi Jewish aftairs: but on this subject nothing need be added, as the Tables and their uses have been already so largely explained. In his Prospectus, the Author promised "every requisite Table;" and had he not added these, he must liave considered i\\c pledge given to the public not redeemed.
On the subject of tlie accompanying map, a good deal has already been said: — it is scarcely necessary to add, that great care and pains have been taken to make it even generallj/ correct, li will be found in some particulars to dift'er from that of Dr. Sha-Lf, placed at the end of Exodus; and, perhaps, in the situation of some places, from the comment itself. This was unavoidable; the comment was formed from the Sacred Text, the map was constructed from other authorities: to have forced them to an agreement, in every particular, would have l>ecn to do violence to the respective authorities on which they are founded; and the words of God must not yield to the sayings of men. We have not an accurate geographical knowledge of the promised land: and, therefore, are not certain of the real narnes and true siliuition of various places mentioned in the Pentateuch: add to this, that many of the places are long since extinct: and others have changed their names, so as to he no longer discernible, &c.
THE YEAR OF THE WORLD— THE YEAR BEFORE CHRIST— THE YEAR BEFORE A\D AFTER THE
THE YEAR OF THE LIFE OF ALL THE ANTE AND POSTDILUVIAN PATRIARCHS ON RECORD. CORRESPONDING WITH THE YEARS OF THE PRINCIPAL EPOCHS MENTIONED ABOVE.
Dpsignetl to save ihe curious Reader the trouble of reducing the years of any particular Epoch to those of anolher, in \» hick lie may wi,-.h to fix any Event that took place within the limits of these Tables; and to prevent the neceisity of recurrence to systematic CLionulogies for hi^to^ic facts in any wise connected with lliose mentioned in the SiCRED WmxiN'iS.
BIRTH AND DEATH OF ALL THE PATRIARCHS, FROM ADAM A. 31. I, TO REU THE SON OF tj' The B signifies the year of the birth, and the D of the death, of eacli Patriarch.
TABLE II. Chronology of ancient Mngdoms.
TABLE II. Chronology of ancient Idngdoms.
TAIJLK II. Chronologij of ancient Ungdoms.
TABLE II. Chronology of ancient lingdoms.
TABLE 11. Chronology of ancient kingdoms.
In the YEAR of tlie LIFE of
TAIJLK ri. Chronohgif of ancient Icingdomx.
TABLE II.. Chronology of (jncient l/ngdonis.
fore tin. first Oof tlic Egypt- present t,. year of 1" *c
TABLE II. Chronologtf of ancient JdngJums.
Chronology of ancient Ungchms.
In the YEAR of the LIFE of i
In the fore'^oino- chrotiolof'iral Tables, the numbersin the different columns are sj-nchronical, taken collaterally, so that anyevent that lias happened within the limits of the Tables, may be found in from 10 to 17 different epochs. Thus, if the Reader wishes to know in what year of the various epochs, the death of Nahor the father of Abraham hap))cne<i, he will at once see by a reference to Tab. II. that this event took place in the year from the creation, according to Abp. Ussher, 1997, the year before the Jiicarnatioii, 2007, in the year of the Julian period £.'707, in the year from the i>i-%'c' 340, and in the year before the first Oli/mpiad 1231, all of which correspond with the 15th year of the reign of Apaciinas king of the Egi/plians: and the 3ist of the re\<sn of Europs king of the Sici/oniuns: — which also correspond with the 941st year of tlie life of Ao/ili: — the 4'39th of that of Sliem:—lhe 33yth of Arphaxnd: — the 304tli of iialah: — the 274th of Hcbcr: — the 2 10th of Kcu: — the 178th of Senig.—and the 1 1 9th year of the life of Terah.
N B. The numbers in Tab. II. pointing out the years of the Life of the ditTerent Patriarchs, are all adapted to the commcnccni'ent of the corresponding tabular years of the world; so that the ytar of the birth of any I'atriarch, is not to be referred Jo the A.M. corresponding to the tabular year of his Life 1, but to (he year immediately preceding. Thus Aaron was born sometime in A.INL 2430^; but at the beginning of A.M. 2431. Tab. II. shews h\m to have been in the first year of his Life • yet, before the conclusion of that year he entered upon his kcom^ year, therefore A.M. 2432 corresponds to the tabular year of his Lifej 2.